ASN Report 2018

1.4.2  –  The provision of iodine tablets Administering stable iodine tablets is a means of saturating the thyroid gland and protecting against the carcinogenic effects of radioactive iodines. The Circular of 27 May 2009 defines the principles governing the respective responsibilities of a BNI licensee and of the State with regard to the distribution of iodine tablets. The licensee is responsible for the safety of its facilities. This Circular requires that the licensee finance the public information campaigns within the perimeter of the PPI and carry out permanent preventive distribution of the stable iodine tablets, free of charge, through the network of pharmacies. In 2018, ASN worked together with the Ministries for the Interior, for Health and for National Education, with the professional societies of Pharmacists and Physicians, the Anccli, IRSN and EDF on the future national campaign for the distribution of iodine tables to the populations living in the zone covered by PPIs, within a radius of between 10 and 20 km around the NPPs. Outside the zone covered by a PPI, tablets are stockpiled to cover the rest of the country. In this respect, the Ministries for Health and for the Interior decided to create stocks of iodine tablets, positioned and managed by Santé Publique France (more particularly including the Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Organisation). Each Prefect organises the procedures for distribution to the population in their département , relying in particular on the mayors for this. This arrangement is described in a Circular of 11 July 2011 concerning the storage and distribution of potassium iodide tablets outside the zones covered by a PPI. Pursuant to this Circular, the Prefects have drawn up plans to distribute stable iodine tablets in a radiological emergency situation, which can be included in exercises being held for the local implementation of the major nuclear or radiological accident national response plan. 1.4.3  –  Care and treatment of exposed persons In the event of a radiological emergency situation, a significant number of people could be contaminated by radionuclides. These persons shall be cared for by the emergency response teams duly trained and equipped for this type of operation. Circular 800/SGDSN/PSE/PPS of 18 February 2011 specifies the national doctrine concerning the use of emergency and care resources in the event of a terrorist act involving radioactive substances. These provisions, which also apply to a nuclear or radiological accident, aim to implement a unified nationwide methodology for the use of resources, in order to optimise efficiency. The Medical intervention following a nuclear or radiological event Guide , the drafting of which was coordinated by ASN and which was published in 2008, accompanies Circular DHOS/ HFD/DGSNR No. 2002/277 of 2 May 2002 concerning the organisation of medical care in the event of a nuclear or radiological accident, giving all the information of use for the medical response teams in charge of collecting and transporting the injured, as well as for the hospital staff. Under the aegis of the General Secretariat for Defence and National Security (SGDSN), a new version of this guide taking account of changes to certain practices, is currently under preparation. 1.5  ̶  Understanding the long-term consequences The post-accident phase concerns the handling over a period of time of the consequences of long-term contamination of the environment by radioactive substances following a nuclear accident. It covers the handling of consequences that are varied (economic, health, environmental and social), by their nature complex and that need to be dealt with in the short, medium or even long term, with a view to returning to a situation considered to be acceptable. The conditions for reimbursement for the damage resulting from a nuclear accident are currently covered by Act 68-943 of 30 October 1968, amended, concerning Civil Liability in the field of nuclear energy. France has also ratified the protocols signed on 12 February 2004, reinforcing the Paris Convention of 29 July 1960 and the Brussels Convention of 31 January 1963 concerning Civil Liability in the field of nuclear energy. These protocols and the measures necessary for their implementation are codified in the Environment Code (Section I of Chapter VII of Title IX of Book V). These provisions and the new liability thresholds set by the two protocols entered into force in February 2016, pursuant to Act 2015-992 of 17 August 2015 on Energy Transition for Green Growth (TECV Act). An Order of 19 August 2016 sets the list of sites with more limited risks which benefit from a reduced liability amount. The Codirpa is currently continuing with work to take account of the lessons learned from the post-accident management carried out in Japan following the Fukushima Daiichi disaster, but also experience feedback from emergency exercises. A new Working Group (WG) was set up in 2018 to determine the guidelines for the revision of the Codirpa doctrine and, more particularly, the introduction of measures in the field to validate the modelled zoning areas. It supplements the other WGs on the management of waste in a post-accident situation, the management of manufactured products, the management of water and marine environments and provides some answers to questions from the health professionals to whom those concerned by an accident would turn. Vous entendez le signal d’alerte de la sirène, vous recevez une alerte sur votre téléphone 552081317RCSParis -RéalisationLJC OMMUNICATION -AFFGEN2016 www.distribution-iode.com 0 800 96 00 20 0 80096 00 20 Tailles minimum : RÉFLEXES POUR BIEN RÉAGIR 4 _ Je limitemes communications téléphoniques 2 _ Jeme tiens informé(e) 5 _ Jeprendsde l’iode dèsque j’en reçois l’instruction 6 _ Jemeprépareàune éventuelleévacuation 3 _ Jenevaispas cherchermesenfants à l’école 1 _ Jememets rapidementà l’abri dansunbâtiment 2016 national iodine tablet distribution campaign ASN report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2018  163 04 – RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY AND POST-ACCIDENT SITUATIONS 04