Abstracts ASN Report 2019

ב ِ א (Ȓɀƺɀ ȸƺƬƺǣɮƺƳ ƫɵ Ɏǝƺ ȵȒȵɖǼƏɎǣȒȇ ב ِ א ِ׏ 0ɴȵȒɀɖȸƺ Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ ȵȒȵɖǼƏɎǣȒȇ Əɀ Ə ȸƺɀɖǼɎ Ȓǔ ȇɖƬǼƺƏȸ ƏƬɎǣɮǣɎǣƺɀ The automated monitoring networks managed nationwide by IRSN ( Téléray , Hydrotéléray and Téléhydro networks) offer real-time monitoring of environmental radioactivity and can highlight any abnormal variation. In the case of an accident or incident leading to the release of radioactive substances, these measurement networks would play an essential role by providing data to back the decisions to be taken by the authorities and by notifying the population. In a normal situation, they contribute to the evaluation of the impact of BNIs (see chapter 3). However, there is no overall monitoring system able to provide an exhaustive picture of the doses received by the population as a result of nuclear activities. Consequently, compliance with the population exposure limit (effective dose set at 1 mSv/year) cannot be controlled directly. However, for BNIs, there is detailed accounting of radioactive effluent discharges and radiological monitoring of the environment is implemented around the installations. On the basis of the data collected, the dosimetric impact of these discharges on the populations in the immediate vicinity of the installations is then calculated using models simulating transfers to the environment. The dosimetric impacts vary, according to the type of installation and the lifestyles of the reference groups chosen, from a few microsieverts to several tens of microsieverts per year. An estimation of the doses from ņ ļņ ŃŅĸņĸŁŇĸķ ļŁ ĴĵĿĸ ӇׇŊĻļĶĻ ņĻłŊņё ĹłŅ ĸĴĶĻ ņļŇĸ ĴŁķ ŃĸŅ year, the estimated effective doses received by the most exposed reference population groups. There are no known estimates for nuclear activities other than BNIs owing to the methodological difficulties involved in identifying the impact of the facilities and in particular the impact of discharges containing small quantities of artificial radionuclides resulting from the use of unsealed radioactive sources in research or biology laboratories, or in nuclear medicine units. To give an example, the impact of hospital discharges could lead to doses of a several tens of microsieverts per year for the most exposed persons, particularly for certain jobs in sewage networks and wastewater treatment plants (IRSN studies ӅӃӃӈׇĴŁķ ӅӃӄӈҏє Legacy situations, such as atmospheric nuclear tests and the Chernobyl accident, can make a marginal contribution to population exposure. Thus the average individual effective dose ĶňŅŅĸŁŇĿŌ ĵĸļŁĺ ŅĸĶĸļʼnĸķ ļŁ ŀĸŇŅłŃłĿļŇĴŁ ŅĴŁĶĸ Ĵņ Ĵ ŅĸņňĿŇ łĹ fall-out from the Chernobyl accident is estimated at between 0.01 mSv and 0.03 mSv/year (IRSN 2001). That due to the fall-out ĹŅłŀ ĴŇŀłņŃĻĸŅļĶ ŇĸņŇļŁĺ ŊĴņ ĸņŇļŀĴŇĸķ ļŁ ӄӌӋӃׇĴŇ ĴĵłňŇ ӃєӃӅ ŀ ʼnє ļʼnĸŁ Ĵ ķĸĶĴŌ ĹĴĶŇłŅ łĹ ĴĵłňŇ ӅׇļŁ ӄӃׇŌĸĴŅņё ĶňŅŅĸŁŇ ķłņĸņ ĴŅĸ estimated at well below 0.01 mSv/year (IRSN, 2015). With regard to ŇĻĸ ĹĴĿĿіłňŇ ļŁ ŅĴŁĶĸ ĹŅłŀ ŇĻĸ ňľňņĻļŀĴ ĴļļĶĻļ ĴĶĶļķĸŁŇё ŇĻĸ ŅĸņňĿŇņ ŃňĵĿļņĻĸķ ĹłŅ ŅĴŁĶĸ ĵŌ ļŁ ӅӃӄӄׇņĻłŊ ŇĻĸ ŃŅĸņĸŁĶĸ of radioactive iodine at very low levels, resulting in very much lower doses for the populations than those estimated for the Chernobyl accident, and having negligible impact. ב ِ א ِ א 0ɴȵȒɀɖȸƺ Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ ȵȒȵɖǼƏɎǣȒȇ ɎȒ zƏɎɖȸƏǼǼɵ …ƬƬɖȸȸǣȇǕ «ƏƳǣȒƏƬɎǣɮƺ xƏɎƺȸǣƏǼɀ ٢z…«x٣ • 0ɴȵȒɀɖȸƺ Ƴɖƺ ɎȒ ȇƏɎɖȸƏǼ ȸƏƳǣȒƏƬɎǣɮǣɎɵ ǣȇ ƳȸǣȇǸǣȇǕ ɯƏɎƺȸ The results of the monitoring of the radiological quality of the tap water distributed to consumers carried out by the Regional ĸĴĿŇĻ ĺĸŁĶļĸņ ĵĸŇŊĸĸŁ ӅӃӃӋׇĴŁķ ӅӃӃӌׇҎ Ѽ Ѽ ŅĸŃłŅŇ ŃňĵĿļņĻĸķ ļŁ ӅӃӄӄҏ ņĻłŊĸķ ŇĻĴŇ ӌӌєӋӆՌ łĹ ŇĻĸ ŃłŃňĿĴŇļłŁ ŅĸĶĸļʼnĸņ tap water whose quality complies at all times with the total indicative dose of 0.1mSv/year set by the regulations. This basically satisfactory assessment also applies to the radiological quality łĹ ŇĻĸ ĵłŇŇĿĸķ ŊĴŇĸŅ ŃŅłķňĶĸķ ļŁ ŅĴŁĶĸ Ҏ Ѽ Ѽ ŅĸŃłŅŇ published in 2013). «ƺɀɖǼɎɀ Ȓǔ ƳȒɀǣȅƺɎȸɵ ȅȒȇǣɎȒȸǣȇǕ Ȓǔ ɯȒȸǸƺȸ ƺɴɎƺȸȇƏǼ ƺɴȵȒɀɖȸƺ ɎȒ ǣȒȇǣɀǣȇǕ ȸƏƳǣƏɎǣȒȇ ٢ȇƏɎɖȸƏǼ ȸƏƳǣȒƏƬɎǣɮǣɎɵ ƺɴƬǼɖƳƺƳ٣ ǣȇ א ׎׏ ז ٢³ȒɖȸƬƺ …ي ƬƬɖȵƏɎǣȒȇƏǼ ƺɴȵȒɀɖȸƺ ɎȒ ǣȒȇǣɀǣȇǕ ȸƏƳǣƏɎǣȒȇ ǣȇ IȸƏȇƬƺ ٫ X«³z ȸƺɀɖǼɎɀً ³ƺȵɎƺȅƫƺȸ א ׎׏ ח ٣ ཛྷ ÁȒɎƏǼ ȵȒȵɖǼƏɎǣȒȇ ȅȒȇǣɎȒȸƺƳ דהב ي ً זח ׎ ژ ɯȒȸǸƺȸɀ ཛྷ Monitored population for whom the annual effective dose remained below the detection ɎǝȸƺɀǝȒǼƳ החא ي ً ד ׏ ژד ɯȒȸǸƺȸɀً Ȓȸ ȅȒȸƺ ɎǝƏȇ ז ׏ ۏ ཛྷ Monitored population for whom the annual effective dose remained below the detection ɎǝȸƺɀǝȒǼƳ הד ي ً זד ׏ ژ ɯȒȸǸƺȸɀً Ȓȸ ƏƫȒɖɎ ׏ ד ِ ۏד ཛྷ Monitored population for whom the annual ƺǔǔƺƬɎǣɮƺ ƳȒɀƺ ȸƺȅƏǣȇƺƳ ƫƺɎɯƺƺȇ ׏ ژ ȅ³ɮ ƏȇƳ א ׎ ژ ȅ³ɮ ي ׏ א ً ژגוז ɯȒȸǸƺȸɀً Ȓȸ ȅȒȸƺ ɎǝƏȇ ב ِ يۏד ཛྷ Monitored population for whom the annual ƺǔǔƺƬɎǣɮƺ ƳȒɀƺ ƺɴƬƺƺƳƺƳ א ׎ ژ ȅ³ɮ ي ׏׎ ژ ɯȒȸǸƺȸɀ ཛྷ Monitored population for whom the equivalent dose ɎȒ Ɏǝƺ ƺɴɎȸƺȅǣɎǣƺɀ ƺɴƬƺƺƳƺƳ ד ׎׎ ژ ȅ³ɮ ژב ي ɯȒȸǸƺȸɀ ཛྷ Collective dose (sum of individual annual effective ƳȒɀƺɀ٣ דד ي ِ ژגא ȅƏȇ ٮ ³ɮ ɮƺȸƏǕƺ ƏȇȇɖƏǼ ǣȇƳǣɮǣƳɖƏǼ ƺǔǔƺƬɎǣɮƺ ƳȒɀƺ ǣȇ Ɏǝƺ ȵȒȵɖǼƏɎǣȒȇ ɯǝǣƬǝ ȸƺƬȒȸƳƺƳ Ə ژ ƳȒɀƺ ǝǣǕǝƺȸ ɎǝƏȇ Ɏǝƺ ƳƺɎƺƬɎǣȒȇ ɎǝȸƺɀǝȒǼƳ ي ׎ِ ז ׎ ژ ȅ³ɮ «ƺɀɖǼɎɀ Ȓǔ ǣȇɎƺȸȇƏǼ ƺɴȵȒɀɖȸƺ ȅȒȇǣɎȒȸǣȇǕ ٢ȇƏɎɖȸƏǼ ȸƏƳǣȒƏƬɎǣɮǣɎɵ ƺɴƬǼɖƳƺƳ٣ ǣȇ א ׎׏ ז ཛྷ Number of routine examinations carried out: אהא ً ח ׎׎ ژ ٢Ȓǔ ɯǝǣƬǝ ׎ِ ۏג ɯƺȸƺ ƬȒȇɀǣƳƺȸƺƳ ȵȒɀǣɎǣɮƺ٣ ཛྷ Population for which a dose estimation ɯƏɀ ȅƏƳƺ ג ي ׏ ژד ɯȒȸǸƺȸɀ ཛྷ Number of special monitoring examinations Ȓȸ ɮƺȸǣǔǣƬƏɎǣȒȇɀ ȵƺȸǔȒȸȅƺƳ ي ׏׏ً ژזוח ٢Ȓǔ ɯǝǣƬǝ ׏ ۏג ɯƺȸƺ ƏƫȒɮƺ Ɏǝƺ ƳƺɎƺƬɎǣȒȇ ɎǝȸƺɀǝȒǼƳ٣ ཛྷ Population having recorded a committed ƺǔǔƺƬɎǣɮƺ ƳȒɀƺ ƺɴƬƺƺƳǣȇǕ ׏ ژ ȅ³ɮ ژג ي ɯȒȸǸƺȸɀ «ƺɀɖǼɎɀ Ȓǔ ƬȒɀȅǣƬ ȸƏƳǣƏɎǣȒȇ ƺɴȵȒɀɖȸƺ ȅȒȇǣɎȒȸǣȇǕ ǣȇ א ׎׏ ژז ٢ƬǣɮǣǼ ƏɮǣƏɎǣȒȇ٣ ཛྷ !ȒǼǼƺƬɎǣɮƺ ƳȒɀƺ ǔȒȸ בא ً ژהדב ǔǼǣǕǝɎ Ƭȸƺɯ ȅƺȅƫƺȸɀ זג ي ِ ژו ȅƏȇ ٮ ³ɮ ཛྷ ɮƺȸƏǕƺ ƏȇȇɖƏǼ ǣȇƳǣɮǣƳɖƏǼ ƺǔǔƺƬɎǣɮƺ ƳȒɀƺ א ي ِ׏ ژ ȅ³ɮ «ƺɀɖǼɎɀ Ȓǔ ȅȒȇǣɎȒȸǣȇǕ Ȓǔ ƺɴȵȒɀɖȸƺ ɎȒ ȇƏɎɖȸƏǼ ȸƏƳǣȒȇɖƬǼǣƳƺɀ Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ ɖȸƏȇǣɖȅ ƏȇƳ ɎǝȒȸǣɖȅ ƳƺƬƏɵ ƬǝƏǣȇɀ ǣȇ א ׎׏ ז ཛྷ External exposure: • ƬȒǼǼƺƬɎǣɮƺ ƳȒɀƺ ǔȒȸ ה ׎׏ ژ ɯȒȸǸƺȸɀ דז ي ِ ژא ȅƏȇ ٮ ȅ³ɮ • Average annual individual effective dose in the population which recorded a dose higher than Ɏǝƺ ژ ƳƺɎƺƬɎǣȒȇ ɎǝȸƺɀǝȒǼƳ ي ׎ِ ژהא ȅ³ɮ ཛྷ Internal exposure: • ƬȒǼǼƺƬɎǣɮƺ ƳȒɀƺ ǔȒȸ ژאוב ɯȒȸǸƺȸɀ ي ׏ ד ׎ِ׏ ژ ȅƏȇ ٮ ȅ³ɮ • Average annual individual effective dose in the population which recorded a dose higher than the ƳƺɎƺƬɎǣȒȇ ɎǝȸƺɀǝȒǼƳ ي ׎ِ ژבה ȅ³ɮ ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019 107 ׎׏ ٲ NUCLEAR ACTIVITIES: IONISING RADIATION AND HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS 01