Abstracts ASN Report 2019

• ɖɎǝȒȸǣɀƏɎǣȒȇ ASN reviews BNI authorisation or decommissioning applications, issues opinions and makes proposals to the Government concerning the decrees to be issued in these fields. It authorises significant modifications to a BNI. It defines the requirements applicable to these installations with regard to the prevention of risks, pollution and detrimental effects. It authorises commissioning of these installations and pronounces delicensing following completion of decommissioning. Some of these ASN resolutions require approval by the Minister responsible for nuclear safety. ASN issues the licenses, carries out registration and receives the notifications provided for in the Public Health Code concerning small-scale nuclear activities and issues licenses or approvals for radioactive substances transport operations. The ASN resolutions and opinions defined by its Commission are published in its Bulletin Officiel ( Official Bulletin ) on its website ( asn.fr ). • xȒȇǣɎȒȸǣȇǕ ASN verifies compliance with the general rules and specific requirements for nuclear safety and radiation protection applicable to BNIs, to the pressure equipment designed specifically for such facilities and to the transport of radioactive substances. It also regulates the activities mentioned in Article єׇӄӆӆӆіӄׇłĹ ŇĻĸ ňĵĿļĶ ĸĴĿŇĻ łķĸ ĴŁķ ŇĻĸ ļłŁļņļŁĺ ŅĴķļĴŇļłŁ ĸŋŃłņňŅĸ ņļŇňĴŇļłŁņ ķĸĹļŁĸķ ļŁ ŅŇļĶĿĸ єׇӄӆӆӆіӆׇłĹ ŇĻĸ ņĴŀĸ Code. ASN organises a permanent radiation protection watch throughout the national territory. Ņłŀ ĴŀłŁĺ ļŇņ ņŇĴĹĹё ļŇ ĴŃŃłļŁŇņ ŁňĶĿĸĴŅ ņĴĹĸŇŌ ļŁņŃĸĶŇłŅņё radiation protection inspectors and inspectors carrying out labour inspectorate duties. ASN issues the required approvals and certifications to the organisations participating in the verifications and in nuclear safety or radiation protection monitoring, as well as with regard to Nuclear Pressure Equipment (NPE). ŅķļŁĴŁĶĸ ӅӃӄӉіӄӅӋׇłĹ ӄӃׇ ĸĵŅňĴŅŌ ӅӃӄӉё ļņņňĸķ ŃňŅņňĴŁŇ Ňł ŇĻĸ TECV Act, reinforces ASN’s regulatory and sanction powers and broadens the scope of its competences. The effect of ASN’s reinforced regulation, policing and sanction powers will be to improve the effectiveness of the regulation of nuclear safety and radiation protection. These policing and sanction powers are extended to the activities performed outside BNIs and participating in the technical and organisational ŀĸĴņňŅĸņ ŀĸŁŇļłŁĸķ ļŁ ŇĻĸ ӅŁķ ŃĴŅĴĺŅĴŃĻ łĹ ŅŇļĶĿĸ єׇӈӌӈіӅׇłĹ the Environment Code, by the licensee, its suppliers, contractors or sub-contractors and in the same conditions as within the facilities themselves. Administrative fines are imposed by the sanctions commission in order to comply with the principle of separation between the investigation, charging and sentencing functions instituted in ŅĸŁĶĻ ĿĴŊ ĴŁķ ļŁ ļŁŇĸŅŁĴŇļłŁĴĿ ĶłŁʼnĸŁŇļłŁņ łŁ ŇĻĸ ŅļĺĻŇ Ňł Ĵ ĹĴļŅ ŇŅļĴĿє ĻĴŃŇĸŅ ӆׇłĹ ŇĻļņ ŅĸŃłŅŇ ķĸņĶŅļĵĸņ ĴĶŇļłŁņ ļŁ ŇĻļņ ĹļĸĿķє • 0ȅƺȸǕƺȇƬɵ ɀǣɎɖƏɎǣȒȇɀ ASN takes part in managing radiological emergency situations. It provides technical assistance to the competent Authorities for the drafting of emergency response plans, taking account of the risks resulting from nuclear activities. When such an emergency situation occurs, ASN verifies the steps taken by the licensee to make the facility safe. It assists the Government with all matters within its field of competence and submits its recommendations on the medical or health measures or civil protection steps to be taken. It informs the general public of the situation, of any releases into the environment and their consequences. It acts as the Competent Authority within the framework of international conventions, by notifying international organisations and foreign countries of the accident. ĻĴŃŇĸŅ ӇׇłĹ ŇĻļņ ŅĸŃłŅŇ ķĸņĶŅļĵĸņ ĴĶŇļłŁņ ļŁ ŇĻļņ ĹļĸĿķє In the event of an incident or accident concerning a nuclear ĴĶŇļʼnļŇŌ ĴŁķ ŃňŅņňĴŁŇ Ňł ĸĶŅĸĸ ӅӃӃӊіӄӈӊӅׇłĹ Ӊׇ łʼnĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӃӊׇĶłŁĶĸŅŁļŁĺ ŇĸĶĻŁļĶĴĿ ļŁńňļŅļĸņ ļŁŇł ĴĶĶļķĸŁŇņ łŅ ļŁĶļķĸŁŇņ concerning a nuclear activity, ASN may carry out a technical inquiry. • XȇǔȒȸȅƏɎǣȒȇ ASN participates in informing the public in its areas of ĶłŀŃĸŇĸŁĶĸє ĻĴŃŇĸŅ ӈׇłĹ ŇĻļņ ŅĸŃłŅŇ ķĸņĶŅļĵĸņ ĴĶŇļłŁņ ļŁ this field. • (ƺǔǣȇǣɎǣȒȇ Ȓǔ ȒȸǣƺȇɎƏɎǣȒȇɀ ƏȇƳ ȒɮƺȸɀǣǕǝɎ Ȓǔ ȸƺɀƺƏȸƬǝ The quality of ASN’s resolutions and decisions relies primarily on robust technical expertise which, in turn, requires the best and most up-to-date knowledge. In this field, the above-mentioned ŅķļŁĴŁĶĸ łĹ ӄӃׇ ĸĵŅňĴŅŌ ӅӃӄӉׇĶłŀŃŅļņĸņ ŃŅłʼnļņļłŁņ ĺļʼnļŁĺ competence to ensure that public research is tailored to the needs łĹ ŁňĶĿĸĴŅ ņĴĹĸŇŌ ĴŁķ ŅĴķļĴŇļłŁ ŃŅłŇĸĶŇļłŁ Ҏ ŅŇļĶĿĸ єׇӈӌӅіӆӄіӄׇłĹ the Environment Code). On the basis of the work done by the Scientific Committee (see point 2.5.3.), ASN has issued three opinions since April 2012. Ļĸ ŇĻļŅķ łŃļŁļłŁ ķĴŇĸķ Ӈׇ ĴŌ ӅӃӄӋׇŅĸńňļŅĸķ ŇĻĴŇ ŅĸņĸĴŅĶĻ ŇłŃļĶņ ĵĸ ŇĴľĸŁ ĹňŅŇĻĸŅ ļŁ ŇĻĸ ĹļĸĿķņ łĹ ĸŋŇĸŅŁĴĿ ŁĴŇňŅĴĿ ĻĴōĴŅķņё ŇĻĸ ĹļŅĸ risk in BNIs, nuclear fuel cladding materials for PWR reactors, the health impact of ionising radiation and the socio-economic consequences of a nuclear accident. ASN released information relating to the publication of this third opinion via ĿĸŇŇĸŅņ ņĸŁŇ łňŇ ļŁ ӅӃӄӌׇŇł ĹļĹŇŌ łŅ ņł ŅĸĶļŃļĸŁŇņ nationwide (licensees, administrations, public research organisations). ASN thus established numerous contacts with public research organisations active in fields directly linked to those areas which it felt needed to be reinforced. These ASN exchanges with public research organisations and with the State’s administrative departments in charge of national research strategy are continuing so that ASN can inform these players of the research fields it considers to be priorities for improving nuclear safety and radiation protection. ASN’s opinions on research and ASN’s actions in terms of orientation are also being disseminated internationally. Contacts have been made with several European safety regulators involved in research and ASN’s research opinions will be disseminated internationally in 2020. Ļĸ ňľňņĻļŀĴ ĴĶĶļķĸŁŇ ĻļĺĻĿļĺĻŇĸķ ŇĻĸ Łĸĸķ ĹłŅ ŀłŅĸ ŅĸņĸĴŅĶĻ in the field of nuclear safety and radiation protection. A Call for Projects (AAP) in these fields was therefore issued by the ŅĸŁĶĻ ĴŇļłŁĴĿ ĸņĸĴŅĶĻ ĺĸŁĶŌ Ҏ ҏ ňŁķĸŅ ŇĻĸ ŁʼnĸņŇļŁĺ ļŁ ŇĻĸ ňŇňŅĸ ŃŅłĺŅĴŀŀĸє ASN is a member of the steering committee for this AAP, which Ŀĸķ Ňł ӅӆׇŃŅłĽĸĶŇņ ĵĸļŁĺ ĶĴŅŅļĸķ łňŇ ĵĸŇŊĸĸŁ ӅӃӄӆׇĴŁķ ӅӃӄӋє ļŁĴĿ ņĸŀļŁĴŅņ Ňłłľ ŃĿĴĶĸ ĹłŅ ņłŀĸ ŃŅłĽĸĶŇņ ĴŇ ŇĻĸ ĸŁķ łĹ ӅӃӄӌׇĴŁķ others are scheduled during the course of 2020. ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019 123 ׎ ٲ א THE PRINCIPLES OF NUCLEAR SAFETY AND RADIATION PROTECTION AND THE REGULATION AND OVERSIGHT STAKEHOLDERS 02