Abstracts ASN Report 2019

׫٫ ڲ Ensuring that regulation is proportionate to the implications ASN organises its regulatory work in a way that is proportionate to the implications of the activities. It follows a continuous improvement approach to its regulation and oversight practices in order to consolidate the effectiveness and quality of its actions. ňņĸņ ŇĻĸ ŃĸŅĴŇļŁĺ ŋŃĸŅļĸŁĶĸ ĸĸķĵĴĶľ Ҏ ҏ ĹŅłŀ ŀłŅĸ than forty years of nuclear activity oversight and the exchange of best practices with its foreign counterparts. The licensee is the key player in the regulation of its activities. ASN regulates nuclear activities by various means: Ҋ inspection, generally on-site, or in an inspected department, or at carriers of radioactive substances. It consists in performing spot checks on the conformity of a given situation with regulatory or technical baseline requirements but may also include an assessment of the licensee’s practices by comparison with current best practices; Ҋ authorisation, following analysis of the applicant’s demonstra- tion that its activities are satisfactorily managed in terms of radiation protection and safety; Ҋ ŃĸŅĴŇļŁĺ ŋŃĸŅļĸŁĶĸ ĸĸķĵĴĶľё ŀłŅĸ ņŃĸĶļĹļĶĴĿĿŌ ŇĻŅłňĺĻ analysis of significant events; Ҋ approval of entities and laboratories taking part in radioactivity measurements and radiation protection inspections, as well as qualification of entities for pressure equipment monitoring; Ҋ presence in the field, also frequently outside actual inspections; Ҋ consultation with the professional organisations (trades unions, professional orders, learned societies, etc.). The performance of certain inspections by organisations and laboratories offering the necessary guarantees, as validated by ASN approval or qualification, contributes to the oversight of nuclear activities. א ِ׏ …ɮƺȸɀǣǕǝɎ ƫɵ ³z The licensee is required to provide ASN with the information it needs to meet its regulatory responsibilities. The volume and quality of this information should enable ASN to analyse the technical demonstrations presented by the licensee and target the inspections. It should also allow identification and monitoring of the milestones in the operation of a nuclear activity. • «ƺǕɖǼƏɎǣȒȇ ƏȇƳ ȅȒȇǣɎȒȸǣȇǕ Ȓǔ ƏɀǣƬ zɖƬǼƺƏȸ XȇɀɎƏǼǼƏɎǣȒȇɀ Nuclear safety is “the set of technical provisions and organi- sational measures –related to the design, construction, operation, shutdown and decommissioning of BNIs, as well as the transport of radioactive substances– which are adopted with a view to preventing accidents or limiting their effects”. This notion includes the measures taken to optimise waste and effluent management. The safety of nuclear installations is based on the implementation of the following principles, defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in its fundamental safety principles for nuclear installations (Safety series No. 110) and then to a large extent incorporated into the European Directive on Nuclear Safety łĹ Ӌׇ ňĿŌ ӅӃӄӇё ŊĻļĶĻ ŀłķļĹļĸņ ŇĻĴŇ łĹ ӅӃӃӌѓ ҄ responsibility for nuclear safety lies primarily with the licensee; ҄ the organisation responsible for regulation and oversight is independent of the organisation responsible for promoting or using nuclear power. It must have responsibility for licensing, inspection and formal notice, and must have the authority, expertise and resources necessary for performance of the responsibilities entrusted to it. No other responsibility shall compromise or conflict with its responsibility for safety. Ł ŅĴŁĶĸё ŇĻĸ ŁʼnļŅłŁŀĸŁŇ łķĸ ķĸĹļŁĸņ Ĵņ ŇĻĸ łŅĺĴŁļņĴŇļłŁ meeting these criteria, except for Defence-related nuclear facilities and activities, which are regulated by the provisions of the Defence Code. ŅķļŁĴŁĶĸ ӅӃӄӉіӄӅӋׇłĹ ӄӃׇ ĸĵŅňĴŅŌ ӅӃӄӉׇļŀŃĿĸŀĸŁŇļŁĺ ŇĻĸ ŁĸŅĺŌ ŅĴŁņļŇļłŁ ĹłŅ ŅĸĸŁ ŅłŊŇĻ ĶŇ ӅӃӄӈіӌӌӅׇłĹ ӄӊׇ ňĺňņŇׇӅӃӄӈ (TECV Act) expanded the scope of ASN regulation to the suppliers, contractors and subcontractors of licensees, including for activities performed outside BNIs. In its regulatory duties, ASN is required to look at the equipment and hardware in the installations, the individuals in charge of operating it, the working methods and the organisation, from the start of the design process up to decommissioning. It reviews the steps taken concerning nuclear safety and the monitoring and limitation of the doses received by the individuals working in the facilities, and the waste management, effluents discharge monitoring and environmental protection procedures. • «ƺǕɖǼƏɎǣȒȇ Ȓǔ ȵȸƺɀɀɖȸƺ ƺȷɖǣȵȅƺȇɎ Numerous systems in nuclear facilities contain or carry pressur- ised fluids. In this respect they are subject to the regulations applicable to pressure equipment, which include NPE. The Environment Code states that ASN is the administrative Authority with competence for issuing licensing decisions and checking the in-service monitoring of the pressure equipment installed within the perimeter of a BNI. Pressure equipment operation is regulated. This regulation in particular applies to the in-service surveillance programmes, TABLE 1 Methods of ASN regulation of the various radiation protection players 0æ xXz ÁX…zٜ ÈÁR…«X³ ÁX…z INSPECTION OPENNESS AND COOPERATION Users of ionising radiation sources • Examination of the application files required by the Public RƺƏǼɎǝ !ȒƳƺ ٢ ȸɎǣƬǼƺɀ «ِ ژ ׏ ٮבבב ׏ and seq.). • Pre-commissioning inspection, mainly in themedical field. • Receipt of notification, registration or issue of ƏɖɎǝȒȸǣɀƏɎǣȒȇ ٢ ȸɎǣƬǼƺ «ِ ژ ׏ ڙٮבבב 8). • Radiation protection inspection ٢ ȸɎǣƬǼƺ nِ ژ ׏ חאٮבבב Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ ¨ɖƫǼǣƬ Health Code). • Jointly with the professional organisations, drafting of guides of good practices for users of ionising radiation. Organisations approved for radiation protection checks • Examination of approval application files for performance of inspections required ƫɵ ȸɎǣƬǼƺ «ِ ژ ׏ ٮבבב ׏ או of the Public Health Code. • Organisation audit. • Delivery of approval. • Second level inspection: ҄ in-depth inspections at head office and in the branches of the organisations; ҄ unannounced field inspections. • Jointly with the professional organisations, drafting of rules of good practices for performance of radiation protection checks. ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019 141 03 ׎ ٲ ב REGULATION OF NUCLEAR ACTIVITIES AND EXPOSURE TO IONISING RADIATION