Abstracts ASN Report 2019

ڲ٫ת ASN objectives in Europe and worldwide 1. The national delegations are split equally between heads of safety regulators and representatives from the Ministries for the Environment or Energy. The approach for sharing, harmonisation and improvement of knowledge and practices requires that ASN work in the three main circles of cooperation. At a bilateral level, ASN first of all cooperates with numerous countries under bilateral agreements, which can be governmental agreements or administrative arrangements. Bilateral relations allow direct exchanges on topical subjects and the rapid implementation of cooperation measures, sometimes on behalf of joint initiatives within a European or multilateral framework, which can lead to the drafting of new safety or radiation protection baseline requirements. They are also essential in the management of emergency situations. At the European level, the regulatory context has changed since ӅӃӃӌׇŊļŇĻ ŇĻĸ ĴķłŃŇļłŁё ňŃķĴŇļŁĺ ĴŁķ ļŀŃĿĸŀĸŁŇĴŇļłŁ łĹ ŇĻŅĸĸ European Directives concerning the fields of nuclear safety Ҏ łňŁĶļĿ ļŅĸĶŇļʼnĸ ӅӃӃӌѼӊӄѼ ňŅĴŇłŀ łĹ Ӆӈׇ ňŁĸ ӅӃӃӌׇĸņŇĴĵĿļņĻļŁĺ Ĵ community framework for the nuclear safety of nuclear facilities, modified in 2014), waste legislation (Council Directive 2011/70/ ňŅĴŇłŀ łĹ ӄӌׇ ňĿŌ ӅӃӄӄׇĸņŇĴĵĿļņĻļŁĺ Ĵ ĶłŀŀňŁļŇŌ ĹŅĴŀĸŊłŅľ for the responsible and safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste) and radiation protection (Council Directive ӅӃӄӆѼӈӌѼ ňŅĴŇłŀ łĹ ӈׇ ĸĶĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӆׇņĸŇŇļŁĺ ĴņļĶ ŇĴŁķĴŅķņ ĹłŅ Health Protection against the dangers resulting from exposure Ňł ļłŁļņļŁĺ ŅĴķļĴŇļłŁ ĴŁķ ŅĸŃĸĴĿļŁĺ ļŅĸĶŇļʼnĸņ ӋӌѼӉӄӋѼ ňŅĴŇłŀё ӌӃѼӉӇӄѼ ňŅĴŇłŀё ӌӉѼӅӌѼ ňŅĴŇłŀё ӌӊѼӇӆѼ ňŅĴŇłŀ ĴŁķ ӅӃӃӆѼӄӅӅѼ Euratom). In building this legal framework for nuclear safety, the European Commission is supported by European Nuclear Safety Regulators Group (ENSREG), which brings together experts from the European Commission and the member countries of the European Union (1) . The safety regulators, more specifically at European level, have also set up voluntary associations such as Western European Nuclear Regulators Association (WENRA), Heads of the European Radiological protection Competent Authorities (HERCA) and European Association of Competent Authorities (EACA), which provide the regulators and the European Commission with technical support, alongside the technical support organisations. At the multilateral level, cooperation is continuing, more specifically within the framework of the International Atomic Energy Agency (AIEA), an agency of the United Nations (UN) ĹłňŁķĸķ ļŁ ӄӌӈӊё ĴŁķ ŇĻĸ ňĶĿĸĴŅ ŁĸŅĺŌ ĺĸŁĶŌ Ҏ ҏ łĹ ŇĻĸ Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development Ҏ ҏ ĶŅĸĴŇĸķ ļŁ ӄӌӈӋє Ļĸņĸ ŇŊł ĴĺĸŁĶļĸņ ĴŅĸ ŇĻĸ ŇŊł ŀłņŇ important intergovernmental organisations in the field of nuclear safety and radiation protection. ׏ِ׏ JǣɮǣȇǕ ȵȸǣȒȸǣɎɵ ɎȒ 0ɖȸȒȵƺ Europe is one of the priority areas for ASN’s international actions. The aim is to contribute to sharing, harmonisation and improving knowledge and practices in the fields of nuclear safety, the safety of waste and spent fuel management and radiation protection. With regard to nuclear safety and the safe management of waste and spent fuel, ASN takes part in two informal organisations working more specifically in favour of European harmonisation: ENSREG and WENRA. ŊĴņ ĶŅĸĴŇĸķ ļŁ ӅӃӃӋׇĴŁķ Ŀĸķ Ňł Ĵ ŃłĿļŇļĶĴĿ ĶłŁņĸŁņňņ łŁ ŇĻĸ ňŅłŃĸĴŁ ļŅĸĶŇļʼnĸņ ĹłŅ ňĶĿĸĴŅ ĴĹĸŇŌ ļŁ ňŁĸ ӅӃӃӌё ŇĻĸŁ ŇĻĸ management of spent fuel and wastes in July 2011. This institution also took part in the process to revise the Nuclear Safety Directive proposed by the European Commission in 2013, following on from ŇĻĸ ĴņņĸņņŀĸŁŇ ĴŁķ ĴŁĴĿŌņļņ łĹ ŇĻĸ ňľňņĻļŀĴׇ ĴĶĶļķĸŁŇє ĴĶĻ safety regulator then provided technical insight for its government ļŁ ĶĻĴŅĺĸ łĹ ŁĸĺłŇļĴŇļłŁņ ļŁ ŅňņņĸĿņё ňŁŇļĿ ļŇņ ŅĸʼnļņļłŁ łŁ Ӌׇ ňĿŌ 2014. ŊĴņ ĶŅĸĴŇĸķ ļŁ ӄӌӌӌׇĴŁķ ļņ ĴŁ ĴņņłĶļĴŇļłŁ ŊĻłņĸ ŀĸŀĵĸŅņ are the heads of the safety regulators of the European countries with electricity generating reactors. Other countries take part in the WENRA activities as observers or associate members. WENRA’s actions are based on experience sharing by safety regulators with a view to harmonising safety rules for reactors and waste management facilities. In the field of radiation protection, HERCA, which was founded in 2007, aims to create an informal forum for heads of radiation protection authorities, along the lines of WENRA. Its aim is to reinforce European cooperation in radiation protection and to harmonise national practices. CHAPTER 06 Through a range of bilateral, European and multilateral cooperation frameworks, which it develops or in which it participates, ASN aims to encourage the adoption of ambitious international requirements, to promote French positions and doctrines which could contribute to this and draws on the best practices from around the world to advance nuclear safety and radiation protection. This approach to sharing, harmonising and improving knowledge and practices also includes cooperation regarding significant nuclear events and accidents (Chernobyl, Fukushima). These actions as a whole are based on the legislative provisions of the Environment Code. They more particularly state that, within its scope of competence, ASN proposes France’s positions on international negotiations to the Government and represents France in international and community organisations in this field. International relations 186 ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019