Abstracts ASN Report 2019

׏ِ א !ȒȒȵƺȸƏɎǣȒȇ ǣȇ Ɏǝƺ ǔǣƺǼƳɀ Ȓǔ ȇɖƬǼƺƏȸ ɀƏǔƺɎɵ ƏȇƳ ȸƏƳǣƏɎǣȒȇ ȵȸȒɎƺƬɎǣȒȇ ȒɖɎɀǣƳƺ 0ɖȸȒȵƺ ASN’s goal is for nuclear safety and radiation protection best practices and regulations to be shared outside Europe. Within the framework of IAEA, ASN thus plays an active part in the work of the Commission on Safety Standards (CSS). This Commission draws up international standards for the safety of nuclear installations, waste management, radioactive substance transport and radiation protection. These standards, which are not legally binding, constitute an international benchmark, including in Europe where they are reviewed and supplemented by the work of WENRA. They also constitute the documentary baseline for the international audits headed by IAEA. These notably include the safety regulator audits (IRRS, Integrated Regulatory Review Service), the ARTEMIS missions to audit national radioactive waste, spent fuel and decommissioning management programmes and the audit missions to NPPs in operation (Osart, Operational Safety Review Team). ASN also contributes actively to the MDEP (Multinational Design ʼnĴĿňĴŇļłŁ ŅłĺŅĴŀŀĸҏё ĿĴňŁĶĻĸķ ļŁ ӅӃӃӉׇĵŌ ĴŁķ ŇĻĸ ŁļŇĸķ States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). This programme, ŊĻļĶĻ ĶňŅŅĸŁŇĿŌ ĶłŀŃŅļņĸņ ӄӉׇņĴĹĸŇŌ ŅĸĺňĿĴŇłŅņё Ĵļŀņ Ňł ņĻĴŅĸ ŇĻĸ experience and approaches of the nuclear safety regulators in the field of the regulatory evaluation of new reactor models, with a view to ensuring progress and harmonisation. In the field of radiation protection, ASN monitors the progress of the work done by the various international bodies, such as that of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) or that of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). ASN considers that through their publications, these entities contribute to improved understanding of exposure to ionising radiation and of health effects. These organisations issue recommendations helping to improve the protection of the exposed persons, whether patients in the medical sector or specific categories of workers. ׫٫ ڲ Relations within Europe European harmonisation of nuclear safety and radiation protection principles and standards has always been a priority for ASN. In this context, ASN participates actively in exchanges between the national nuclear safety and radiation protection authorities of the Member States. א ِ׏ The EURATOM Treaty The Treaty instituting the European Atomic Energy Community Ҏ ҏ ŊĴņ ņļĺŁĸķ łŁ Ӆӈׇ ĴŅĶĻ ӄӌӈӊׇĴŁķ ĶłŁņŇļŇňŇĸņ primary law in the field, allowing the harmonised development of a strict regime of oversight for nuclear safety and security and radiation protection. The European Union (EU) Court of Justice, considering that no artificial boundary could be created between radiation protection and nuclear safety, recognised the principle of the existence of community competence in the field of safety, as in the field of management of radioactive waste and spent fuel. א ِ א Áǝƺ 0ɖȸȒȵƺƏȇ 0ɖȸƏɎȒȅ (ǣȸƺƬɎǣɮƺ Ȓȇ Ɏǝƺ ³ƏǔƺɎɵ Ȓǔ zɖƬǼƺƏȸ IƏƬǣǼǣɎǣƺɀ Ļĸ łňŁĶļĿ ӅӃӃӌѼӊӄѼ ňŅĴŇłŀ ļŅĸĶŇļʼnĸ łĹ Ӆӈׇ ňŁĸ ӅӃӃӌׇĴļŀņ Ňł establish a Community framework to ensure nuclear safety within the European Atomic Energy Community and to encourage the Member States to guarantee a high level of nuclear safety (see “Regulation” on asn.fr ). It makes provision for increased powers and independence of the national safety regulators, sets an ambitious safety objective for the entire EU (based on the baseline safety requirements produced by WENRA) and establishes a European system of peer reviews on safety topics. It also establishes national periodic safety reassessments and provisions concerning preparedness for interventions in an emergency situation. It also reinforces the transparency requirements and provisions concerning education and training. ňŅļŁĺ ŇĻĸ ŁĸĺłŇļĴŇļłŁņё ĸŁķĸĴʼnłňŅĸķ Ňł ŃŅłŀłŇĸ ŅĴŁĶĸѡņ position in favour of these measures, which significantly strengthen the Community’s nuclear facilities safety oversight framework. However, European legislation does not yet enshrine in law the institutional independence of the safety regulators. This Directive was extensively transposed into the Energy ŅĴŁņļŇļłŁ ĹłŅ ŅĸĸŁ ŅłŊŇĻ ĶŇ ӅӃӄӈіӌӌӅׇłĹ ӄӊׇ ňĺňņŇ ӅӃӄӈׇҎ ĶŇҏ ĴŁķ ŅķļŁĴŁĶĸ ӅӃӄӉіӄӅӋׇłĹ ӄӃ ĸĵŅňĴŅŌ ӅӃӄӉׇĶłŁŇĴļŁļŁĺ ʼnĴŅļłňņ ŁňĶĿĸĴŅіŅĸĿĴŇĸķ ŃŅłʼnļņļłŁņє ļŇĻ ŇĻĸ ĻĸĿŃ łĹ ё ŅĴŁĶĸ ĴĿņł ŁłŇļĹļĸķ ĶłŀŃĿĸŇĸ ŇŅĴŁņŃłņļŇļłŁ łĹ ŇĻĸ ӅӃӄӇׇ ļŅĸĶŇļʼnĸ ļŁ ňĺňņŇ ӅӃӄӊё ļŁ ĴĶĶłŅķĴŁĶĸ ŊļŇĻ ŇĻĸ ķĸĴķĿļŁĸņ set by the Commission. ASN EUROPEAN MULTILATERAL PART INTERNATIONAL MULTILATERAL PART EU, European Commission, EURATOM, ENSREG, WENRA, HERCA IAEA, NEA, MDEP, INRA, UNSCEAR, ICRP Nuclear safety, safety of spent fuel ƏȇƳ ȸƏƳǣȒƏƬɎǣɮƺ ɯƏɀɎƺً ƺƏȸǼɵ ȇȒɎǣˡƬƏɎǣȒȇ of a nuclear accident, assistance Cooperation and exchange of information, assistance, personnel exchanges BILATERAL PART CONVENTIONS ASN action on the international stage ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019 187 ׎ ٲ ה INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 06