Abstracts ASN Report 2019

א ِ ב Áǝƺ 0ɖȸȒȵƺƏȇ 0ɖȸƏɎȒȅ (ǣȸƺƬɎǣɮƺ Ȓȇ Ɏǝƺ xƏȇƏǕƺȅƺȇɎ Ȓǔ ³ȵƺȇɎ IɖƺǼ ƏȇƳ «ƏƳǣȒƏƬɎǣɮƺ áƏɀɎƺ Ł ӄӌׇ ňĿŌ ӅӃӄӄё ŇĻĸ łňŁĶļĿ łĹ ŇĻĸ ňŅłŃĸĴŁ ŁļłŁ ĴķłŃŇĸķ a Directive establishing a community framework for the responsible and safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste (Directive 2011/70/Euratom). The adoption of this Directive contributes to reinforcing safety within the EU, by making the Member States more accountable for the management of their spent fuels and their radioactive waste. This Directive is legally binding and covers all the aspects of spent fuel and radioactive waste management, from production through to long-term disposal. It reiterates the prime responsibility of the producers and the ultimate responsibility of each Member State to ensure the management of the waste produced on its territory, making sure that the necessary measures are taken to guarantee a high level of safety and to protect workers and the general public against the dangers of ionising radiation. It clearly defines the obligations regarding the safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste and requires that each Member State adopt a legal framework for safety issues, making provision for the creation of: Ҋ a competent regulatory authority with a status that guarantees its independence from the waste producers; Ҋ authorisation procedures involving authorisation requests examined on the basis of the safety cases required from the licensees. The Directive regulates the drafting of the national spent fuel and radioactive waste management policies to be implemented by each Member State. More specifically, it requires each Member State to establish a legislative and regulatory framework designed to set up national programmes for the management of spent fuel and radioactive waste. The Directive also contains provisions concerning transparency and participation of the public, the financial resources for management of spent fuel and radioactive waste, training, as well as obligations for self-assessment and regular peer reviews. These aspects constitute major advances in reinforcing the safety and accountability of spent fuel and radioactive waste management ļŁ ŇĻĸ є Ļĸ ĶŇ ĴŁķ ŇĻĸ ŅķļŁĴŁĶĸ łĹ ӄӃׇ ĸĵŅňĴŅŌ ӅӃӄӉ have ensured the transposition of the provisions of the Directive. א ِ ג Áǝƺ 0ɖȸȒȵƺƏȇ 0ɖȸƏɎȒȅ (ǣȸƺƬɎǣɮƺ Ȓȇ «ƏƳǣƏɎǣȒȇ ¨ȸȒɎƺƬɎǣȒȇ ٹ ƏɀǣƬ ³ɎƏȇƳƏȸƳɀ ٺ ļŅĸĶŇļʼnĸ ӅӃӄӆѼӈӌѼ ňŅĴŇłŀ łĹ ӈׇ ĸĶĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӆׇłŁ ŇĻĸ Radiation Protection Basic Safety Standards, known as the “BSS” Directive, is wide-ranging: its requirements apply to justification, optimisation, dose limitation, regulatory oversight, preparedness for and response to emergency situations, training and other related fields –for example radon, NORM (Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials) and construction materials. The HERCA association has issued numerous positions on these requirements (can be consulted on herca.org ) to help the Member States with the transposition of this Directive. However, despite the clear coordination efforts made upstream, the transposition ŊłŅľё ĶłŀŃĿĸŇĸķ ļŁ ӅӃӄӋׇļŁ ŅĴŁĶĸё ĻĴņ ŁłŇ ŅĸņňĿŇĸķ ļŁ ŇłŇĴĿ harmonisation of the national requirements. HERCA will now focus its work on implementing this Directive, some aspects of which, such as justification, the graded approach to regulation or the preparedness for a response to emergency situations, are proving to be technically complex. א ِ ד Áǝƺ 0ɖȸȒȵƺƏȇ zɖƬǼƺƏȸ ³ƏǔƺɎɵ «ƺǕɖǼƏɎȒȸɀ JȸȒɖȵ ٢0z³«0J٣ ENSREG supports the European Commission’s European legislation initiatives. ENSREG is supported by three working groups, devoted to installations safety (WG1), the safe management of radioactive wastes and spent fuels (WG2) and transparency in the nuclear field (WG3) respectively. ENSREG organised the first thematic peer review, as stipulated ļŁ ŇĻĸ ӅӃӄӇׇ ĴĹĸŇŌ ļŅĸĶŇļʼnĸё łŁ ŀĴŁĴĺĸŀĸŁŇ łĹ ŇĻĸ ĴĺĸļŁĺ łĹ ŁňĶĿĸĴŅ ŃłŊĸŅ łŅ ŅĸņĸĴŅĶĻ ŅĸĴĶŇłŅņ łĹ ӄׇŀĸĺĴŊĴŇŇ Ҏ ҏ łŅ ŀłŅĸє ĴĶĻ łĹ ŇĻĸ ӄӌׇŃĴŅŇļĶļŃĴŇļŁĺ ĶłňŁŇŅļĸņ ĹļŅņŇ łĹ ĴĿĿ ķŅĴĹŇĸķ Ĵ ŁĴŇļłŁĴĿ ŅĸŃłŅŇё ŊĻļĶĻ ŊĴņ ŇĻĸŁ ĸŋĴŀļŁĸķ ļŁ ӅӃӄӋׇĵŌ ĸŋŃĸŅŇņ ĴŃŃłļŁŇĸķ by the Member States. This examination led to the drafting of a report on the generic results and a report on the specific results per country. All of these reports were adopted in an ENSREG plenary session and published on the ENSREG website at the ĸŁķ łĹ ӅӃӄӋє Ł ŇĻļņ ĵĴņļņё ĸĴĶĻ ŃĴŅŇļĶļŃĴŁŇ ŃŅłķňĶĸķ Ĵ ŁĴŇļłŁĴĿ ĴĶŇļłŁ ŃĿĴŁ ŊĻļĶĻ ŊĴņ ņňĵŀļŇŇĸķ ļŁ ĸŃŇĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӌׇĴŁķ ļņ ĴĿņł available on the ENSREG websites. The national report and the ŁĴŇļłŁĴĿ ĴĶŇļłŁ ŃĿĴŁ ĹłŅ ŅĴŁĶĸ ĴŅĸ ĴĿņł ĴʼnĴļĿĴĵĿĸ łŁ ŇĻĸ ŊĸĵņļŇĸё ļŁ ĵłŇĻ ŅĸŁĶĻ ĴŁķ ŁĺĿļņĻє א ِ ה The EURATOM ÁȸƺƏɎɵ 0ɖȸȒȵƺƏȇ ɯȒȸǸǣȇǕ ǕȸȒɖȵɀ ASN experts also participate in the work of the EURATOM Treaty committees and working groups: Ҋ ĺŅłňŃ łĹ ĸŋŃĸŅŇņ ņŃĸĶļĹļĸķ ļŁ ŅŇļĶĿĸ ӆӄׇҎ ĴņļĶ ĴķļĴŇļłŁ Protection Standards); Ҋ ĺŅłňŃ łĹ ĸŋŃĸŅŇņ ņŃĸĶļĹļĸķ ļŁ ŅŇļĶĿĸ ӆӈׇҎʼnĸŅļĹļĶĴŇļłŁ ĴŁķ monitoring of radioactivity in the environment); Ҋ ĺŅłňŃ łĹ ĸŋŃĸŅŇņ ņŃĸĶļĹļĸķ ļŁ ŅŇļĶĿĸ ӆӉׇҎļŁĹłŅŀĴŇļłŁ ĶłŁĶĸŅŁļŁĺ the monitoring of radioactivity in the environment); Ҋ ĺŅłňŃ łĹ ĸŋŃĸŅŇņ ņŃĸĶļĹļĸķ ļŁ ŅŇļĶĿĸ ӆӊׇҎŁłŇļĹļĶĴŇļłŁņ ŅĸĿĴŇļʼnĸ to radioactive effluent discharges). א ِ ו Áǝƺ 0ɖȸȒȵƺƏȇ !ȒȅȅɖȇǣɎɵ ÈȸǕƺȇɎ «ƏƳǣȒǼȒǕǣƬƏǼ XȇǔȒȸȅƏɎǣȒȇ 0ɴƬǝƏȇǕƺ ɀɵɀɎƺȅ ٢0!È«X0٣ The European Community Urgent Radiological Information Exchange system (ECURIE) is one of the rapid action systems set up by the European Commission, which has an information exchange network for receiving and triggering an alert and thus for rapidly circulating information within the EU in the event of a radioactive emergency or major nuclear accident. Ļļņ ņŌņŇĸŀ ŊĴņ ņĸŇ ňŃ ļŁ ӄӌӋӊׇĵŌ Ĵ ķĸĶļņļłŁ łĹ ŇĻĸ łňŁĶļĿ łĹ ŇĻĸ ķĴŇĸķ ӄӇׇ ĸĶĸŀĵĸŅ ӄӌӋӊׇŀłŅĸ ņŃĸĶļĹļĶĴĿĿŌ ļŁ ŇĻĸ ŊĴľĸ łĹ ŇĻĸ ĻĸŅŁłĵŌĿ ĴĶĶļķĸŁŇ ļŁ ӄӌӋӉє Ļļņ ķĸĶļņļłŁ ĶĴŀĸ ļŁŇł ĹłŅĶĸ łŁ Ӆӄׇ ĴŅĶĻ ӄӌӋӋ ĴŁķ ŊĴņ ŅĴŇļĹļĸķ ĵŌ ĴĿĿ ŇĻĸ ĸŀĵĸŅ ŇĴŇĸņ łĹ ŇĻĸ European Union and a certain number of third-party countries, ņňĶĻ Ĵņ ŊļŇōĸŅĿĴŁķ ĴŁķ ĴĶĶĸņņļłŁ ĶĴŁķļķĴŇĸ ĶłňŁŇŅļĸņ ņňĶĻ Ĵņ Turkey. א ِ ז Áǝƺ áƺɀɎƺȸȇ 0ɖȸȒȵƺƏȇ zɖƬǼƺƏȸ «ƺǕɖǼƏɎȒȸɀ ټ ɀɀȒƬǣƏɎǣȒȇ ٢á0z« ٣ WENRA continues to develop a joint approach to nuclear safety and its regulation, more notably within the EU. WENRA comprises two working groups with the role of harmonising safety approaches in the fields of: Ҋ nuclear power reactors –Reactor Harmonisation Working Group (RHWG); Ҋ radioactive waste, spent fuel disposal and decommissioning –Working Group on Waste and Decommissioning (WGWD). 188 ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019 ׎ ٲ ה INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS