Abstracts ASN Report 2019

Code for the possession and use of sealed radioactive sources are now regulated by ASN. The requirements applicable to these installations are now those of the Public Health Code. Ļĸ ŇŅĴŁņļŇļłŁĴĿ ŃĸŅļłķ ņĸŇ ļŁ ŅŇļĶĿĸ ӇׇłĹ ŇĻĸ ĴĵłʼnĸŀĸŁŇļłŁĸķ Decree, which provided that the license or notification issued ňŁķĸŅ ŇĻĸ ĹłŅŀĸŅ ņĸĶŇļłŁ ӄӊӄӈׇĶłŁŇļŁňĸķ Ňł ĵĸ ʼnĴĿļķ ĴŁķ ķĸĸŀĸķ Ĵ license or notification under the Public Health Code, on condition that no change was made to the nuclear activity, for a maximum ŃĸŅļłķ łĹ Ĺļʼnĸ ŌĸĴŅņё ŇĻĴŇ ļņ Ňł ņĴŌ ňŁŇļĿ Ӈׇ ĸŃŇĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӌׇĴŇ ŇĻĸ latest, has now ended. These activities must therefore have a license or a notification acknowledgement issued by ASN under the Public Health Code. Only the facilities possessing unsealed radioactive substances łŅ ŀĴŁĴĺļŁĺ ŅĴķļłĴĶŇļʼnĸ ŊĴņŇĸ ļŁ ńňĴŁŇļŇļĸņ ĸŋĶĸĸķļŁĺ ӄӃׇŀ 3 ׇĹłŅ either of the activities are subject to the Environment Code regulations as classified installations (excluding the medical sector and particle accelerators). Any sealed radioactive sources also possessed or used by these establishments are regulated by ASN. Nuclear materials are subject to specific regulations provided ĹłŅ ļŁ ŅŇļĶĿĸ єׇӄӆӆӆіӄׇĸŇ ņĸńє łĹ ŇĻĸ ĸĹĸŁĶĸ łķĸє ŃŃĿļĶĴŇļłŁ of these regulations is overseen by the Minister of Defence for nuclear materials intended for defence needs, and by the Minister in charge of energy for nuclear materials intended for any other use. א ِ א ÈȇǴɖɀɎǣǔǣƺƳ Ȓȸ ȵȸȒǝǣƫǣɎƺƳ ƏƬɎǣɮǣɎǣƺɀ א ِ א ِ׏ ȵȵǼǣƬƏɎǣȒȇ Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ ƫƏȇ Ȓȇ Ɏǝƺ ǣȇɎƺȇɎǣȒȇƏǼ ƏƳƳǣɎǣȒȇ Ȓǔ ȸƏƳǣȒȇɖƬǼǣƳƺɀ ǣȇ ƬȒȇɀɖȅƺȸ ǕȒȒƳɀ ƏȇƳ ƬȒȇɀɎȸɖƬɎǣȒȇ ȵȸȒƳɖƬɎɀ The Public Health Code states “ that any addition of radionuclides […] to consumer goods and construction products is prohibited ” (Article єׇӄӆӆӆіӅҏє Ļňņё ŇĻĸ ŇŅĴķļŁĺ łĹ ĴĶĶĸņņłŅļĸņ ĶłŁŇĴļŁļŁĺ ņłňŅĶĸņ łĹ tritium such as watches, key-rings, hunting equipment (sighting devices), navigation equipment (bearing compasses) or river fishing equipment (strike detectors) is specifically prohibited. ŅŇļĶĿĸ єׇӄӆӆӆіӇׇłĹ ŇĻļņ ņĴŀĸ łķĸ ŃŅłʼnļķĸņ ŇĻĴŇ ŊĴļʼnĸŅņ Ňł these prohibitions can, if they are justified by the advantages they bring, be granted by Order of the Minister responsible for health and, depending on the case, by the Minister responsible for construction, after obtaining the opinion of ASN and of the High Council for Public Health (HCSP). ASN considers that granting waivers to the regulations must remain very limited. It was implemented for the first time in ӅӃӄӄׇĹłŅ Ĵ ŊĴļʼnĸŅ ŅĸńňĸņŇ ĶłŁĶĸŅŁļŁĺ ŇĻĸ ňņĸ łĹ Ĵ ŁĸňŇŅłŁ ĴŁĴĿŌņļņ ķĸʼnļĶĸ ļŁ ņĸʼnĸŅĴĿ ĶĸŀĸŁŇ ŊłŅľņ Ҏ ŅķĸŅ łĹ ӄӋׇ łʼnĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӄ from the Ministers responsible for health and construction, łŃļŁļłŁ ӅӃӄӄі іӃӄӃӈׇłĹ ӄӄׇ ĴŁňĴŅŌ ӅӃӄӄׇĴŁķ łŃļŁļłŁ ӅӃӄӄі іӃӄӅӇׇłĹ ӊׇ ňĿŌ ӅӃӄӄҏє Ň ŊĴņ ŇĻĸŁ ňņĸķ ļŁ ӅӃӄӇׇĹłŅ ĿļĺĻŇ bulbs containing very small quantities of radioactive substances ҎľŅŌŃŇłŁіӋӈׇłŅ ŇĻłŅļňŀіӅӆӅҏё ņĸŅʼnļŁĺ ŀĴļŁĿŌ ĹłŅ ĴŃŃĿļĶĴŇļłŁņ requiring very high intensity lighting such as public places, work ŃĿĴĶĸņё łŅ ĹłŅ ĶĸŅŇĴļŁ ʼnĸĻļĶĿĸņ Ҏ ŅķĸŅ łĹ ӄӅׇ ĸĶĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӇׇłĹ ŇĻĸ Ministers responsible for Health and Construction, ASN opinion ӅӃӄӇі іӃӅӄӄׇłĹ ӄӋׇ ĸŃŇĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӇҏє A waiver request to allow the addition of radionuclides (tritium) ļŁ ņłŀĸ ŊĴŇĶĻĸņ ŊĴņ ĴĿņł ķĸŁļĸķ Ҏ ŅķĸŅ łĹ ӄӅׇ ĸĶĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӇё łŃļŁļłŁ ӅӃӄӇі іӃӅӄӃׇłĹ ӄӋׇ ĸŃŇĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӇҏє The list of consumer goods and construction products concerned by an ongoing waiver request or for which a waiver has been ĺŅĴŁŇĸķ ļņ ŃňĵĿļņĻĸķ łŁ ŇĻĸ ŊĸĵņļŇĸ łĹ ŇĻĸ ŅĸŁĶĻ ļĺĻ Committee for Transparency and Information on Nuclear Security (HCTISN). In 2017, the waiver for the use of a neutron analysis device was renewed for ten years for two cement works, the third cement ŊłŅľņ ŀĸŁŇļłŁĸķ ļŁ ŇĻĸ ļŁļŇļĴĿ ŅķĸŅ łĹ ӅӃӄӄׇĻĴʼnļŁĺ ĶĿłņĸķ Ҏ ŅķĸŅ łĹ ӄӌׇ ŃŅļĿ ӅӃӄӊׇłĹ ŇĻĸ ļŁļņŇĸŅņ ŅĸņŃłŁņļĵĿĸ ĹłŅ ĻĸĴĿŇĻ ĴŁķ ĶłŁņŇŅňĶŇļłŁ ŅĸņŃĸĶŇļʼnĸĿŌё łŃļŁļłŁ ӅӃӄӊі іӃӅӌӅׇłĹ ӊׇ ĴŅĶĻׇӅӃӄӊҏє Ł ӅӃӄӌё ŇŊł ŊĴļʼnĸŅ ĴŃŃĿļĶĴŇļłŁņ ĹłŅ ŇĻĸ ňņĸ of neutron analysis devices were granted, the first for a third cement works of the Larfarge-Holcim group (Order of the Ministers responsible for health and the ecological transition łĹ Ӈׇ ĸĶĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӌё łŃļŁļłŁ ӅӃӄӌі іӃӆӆӆׇłĹ ӄׇ ňĺňņŇ ӅӃӄӌҏ and the second for the Euralpin Lyon Turin Tunnel (Order of the Ministers responsible for health and the ecological transition łĹ ӄӌׇ ňĺňņŇׇӅӃӄӌё łŃļŁļłŁ ӅӃӄӌі іӃӆӅӉׇłĹ Ӆӄׇ ĴŌ ӅӃӄӌҏє A third request concerning renewal of the waiver granted in ӅӃӄӇׇĹłŅ ŇĻĸ ĴķķļŇļłŁ łĹ ŅĴķļłŁňĶĿļķĸņ Ňł ķļņĶĻĴŅĺĸ ĿĴŀŃņ ŅĸĶĸļʼnĸķ Ĵ ĹĴʼnłňŅĴĵĿĸ łŃļŁļłŁ ĹŅłŀ Ҏ łŃļŁļłŁ ӅӃӄӌі іӃӆӇӃׇłĹ ӅӉׇ ĸŃŇĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӌҏє א ِ א ِ א ȵȵǼǣƬƏɎǣȒȇ Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ ǴɖɀɎǣǔǣƬƏɎǣȒȇ ȵȸǣȇƬǣȵǼƺ ǔȒȸ ƺɴǣɀɎǣȇǕ ƏƬɎǣɮǣɎǣƺɀ The justification of existing activities must be reassessed periodically in the light of current knowledge and technological changes in accordance with the principle described in point 2.4.1. If the activities are no longer justified by the benefits they bring, or with respect to other non-ionising technologies that bring comparable benefits, they must be withdrawn from the market. A transient period for definitive withdrawal from the market may be necessary, depending on the technical and economic context, particularly when a technological substitution is necessary. • ³ȅȒǸƺ ƳƺɎƺƬɎȒȸɀ ƬȒȇɎƏǣȇǣȇǕ ȸƏƳǣȒƏƬɎǣɮƺ ɀȒɖȸƬƺɀ Devices containing radioactive sources have been used for several decades to detect smoke in buildings as part of the firefighting policy. Several types of radionuclides have been ňņĸķ ҎĴŀĸŅļĶļňŀіӅӇӄё ŃĿňŇłŁļňŀіӅӆӋё ŅĴķļňŀіӅӅӉҏє Ļĸ ĴĶŇļʼnļŇŌ łĹ ŇĻĸ ŀłņŇ ŅĸĶĸŁŇ ņłňŅĶĸņ ňņĸķ ķłĸņ ŁłŇ ĸŋĶĸĸķ ӆӊׇľ ńё ĴŁķ ŇĻĸ structure of the detector, in normal use, prevents any release of radioactive substances into the environment. New non-ionising technologies have gradually developed for smoke detection. Optical devices now provide comparable detection quality, and can therefore satisfy the regulatory and normative fire detection requirements. ASN therefore considers that smoke detection devices using radioactive sources are no longer justified and that the seven million ionic smoke detectors ļŁņŇĴĿĿĸķ łŁ ӆӃӃёӃӃӃׇņļŇĸņ ŀňņŇ ĵĸ ŃŅłĺŅĸņņļʼnĸĿŌ ŅĸŃĿĴĶĸķє The regulatory framework governing their withdrawal was put ļŁ ŃĿĴĶĸ ĵŌ ŇĻĸ ŅķĸŅ łĹ ӄӋׇ łʼnĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӄׇĴŁķ ŇĻĸ ŇŊł ŅĸņłĿňŇļłŁņ ӅӃӄӄі іӃӅӈӅׇĴŁķ ӅӃӄӄі іӃӅӈӆ łĹ Ӆӄׇ ĸĶĸŀĵĸŅׇӅӃӄӄє This regulatory framework aims at: ҄ planning the removal operations over ten years; ҄ supervising the maintenance or removal operations that necessitate certain precautions with regard to worker radiation protection; ҄ preventing any uncontrolled removals and organising the collection operations in order to avoid detectors being directed to an inappropriate disposal route, or even simply being abandoned; ҄ monitoring the pool of detectors. Eight years after the implementation of the new regulatory system for Ionisation Chamber Smoke Detector (ICSD) removal and ŀĴļŁŇĸŁĴŁĶĸ ĴĶŇļʼnļŇļĸņё ĻĴņё Ĵņ ĴŇ ӆӄׇ ĸĶĸŀĵĸŅ ӅӃӄӌё ļņņňĸķ ӆӉӊׇŁłŇļĹļĶĴŇļłŁ ĴĶľŁłŊĿĸķĺĸŀĸŁŇņ ĴŁķ ĸļĺĻŇ ŁĴŇļłŁĴĿ ĿļĶĸŁņĸņ Ҏļņņňĸķ Ňł ļŁķňņŇŅļĴĿ ĺŅłňŃņ ŊļŇĻ Ĵ ŇłŇĴĿ łĹ ӄӅӃׇĴĺĸŁĶļĸņҏ ĹłŅ ŅĸŀłʼnĴĿ ĴŁķ ĹļŅĸ ņĴĹĸŇŌ ņŌņŇĸŀ ŀĴļŁŇĸŁĴŁĶĸ ĴĶŇļʼnļŇļĸņє ňŅŇĻĸŅŀłŅĸё five companies are authorised to perform ICSD decommissioning operations, thereby guaranteeing a disposal route for all the existing detectors. 236 ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019 ׎ ٲ ז SOURCES OF IONISING RADIATION AND THEIR INDUSTRIAL, VETERINARY AND RESEARCH APPLICATIONS