Abstracts ASN Report 2019

In this respect, the regulations set obligations on the various stakeholders in the field of transport. All those involved must therefore immediately alert the emergency services in the event of an accident. This is more particularly true for the carrier, who would in principle be the first party to be informed. It must also ŇŅĴŁņŀļŇ ŇĻĸ ĴĿĸŅŇ Ňł ŇĻĸ ĶłŁņļ壳Ņє ňŅŇĻĸŅŀłŅĸё ŇĻĸ ʼnĸĻļĶĿĸ ĶŅĸŊ must have written instructions available in the cab, stipulating the first steps to be taken in the event of an accident (for example, trip the circuit-breaker, if the vehicle is so equipped, to prevent any outbreak of fire). Once the alert has been given, the parties involved must cooperate with the public authorities to assist with the response operations, including by providing all pertinent information in their possession. This in particular concerns the carrier and the consignor who have information about the package and its contents that is of great value for determining the appropriate measures to be taken. To meet these regulatory obligations, ASN recommends that the parties involved develop emergency response plans allowing the organisation and tools to be defined in advance, enabling them to react efficiently in the event of an actual emergency. The driver may be unable to give the alert, if injured or killed in the accident. In this case, detection of the radioactive nature of the consignment would be the entire responsibility of the emergency response services. The orange-coloured plates and the trefoil symbols on the vehicles thus indicate the presence of dangerous goods: the emergency services are instructed to automatically evacuate an area with a radius of 100 m around the vehicle, unless specific information is available, and to notify the radioactive nature of the load to the office of the Prefect, which will then alert ASN. Management of the accident is coordinated by the Prefect, who oversees the response operations. Until such time as the national experts are in a position to provide him or her with advice, the Prefect relies on the emergency plan adopted to deal with these situations. Once its national Emergency Centre has been activated, ASN is able to offer the Prefect assistance by providing technical advice on the more specific measures to be taken. In these situations, Institute for Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) assists ASN by assessing the condition of the damaged package and anticipating how the situation could ķĸʼnĸĿłŃє ňŅŇĻĸŅŀłŅĸё ŇĻĸ ŅĸĺļłŁĴĿ ķļʼnļņļłŁ ķļņŃĴŇĶĻĸņ ĴׇņŇĴĹĹ ŀĸŀĵĸŅ Ňł ŇĻĸ ŅĸĹĸĶŇ Ňł ĹĴĶļĿļŇĴŇĸ ĿļĴļņłŁ ŊļŇĻ ŇĻĸ ŁĴŇļłŁĴĿ emergency centre. At the same time, human and material resources would be sent out to the scene of the accident as rapidly as possible (radioactivity measuring instruments, medical means, package recovery means). The fire service teams specialising in the radioactive risk (the Mobile Radiological Intervention Units –CMIR) would be called on, along with IRSN’s mobile units; the Prefect could also, if necessary, requisition the mobile units of certain nuclear licensees (such as the Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy commission ҂ ё łŅ ҏ ĸʼnĸŁ ļĹ ŇĻĸ ņĻļŃŀĸŁŇ ļŁ ńňĸņŇļłŁ ķłĸņ ŁłŇ ĶłŁĶĸŅŁ these licensees. As with other types of emergency, communication is an important factor in the event of a transport accident so that the population can be informed of the situation and be given instructions on what to do. In order to prepare the public authorities for the eventuality of an accident involving a shipment of radioactive substances, exercises are held to test the entire response organisation that would be put into place. ŊļĿĿ ĶłŁŇļŁňĸ ļŁ ӅӃӅӃׇŇł ņňŃŃłŅŇ ĴķĸńňĴŇĸ ŃŅĸŃĴŅĸķŁĸņņ by the public authorities for emergency situations involving a transport operation, in particular by promoting the performance of local emergency exercises and issuing recommendations on the steps to be taken in the event of an accident. ļŁĴĿĿŌё ļŁŇĸŁķņ ļŁ ӅӃӅӃׇŇł ňŃķĴŇĸ ŇĻĸ ňļķĸ łŁ ŇĻĸ performance of risk assessments required for transport hubs able to accommodate dangerous goods. The purpose of this guide is to ensure that the risks linked to radioactive substances are adequately assessed, to enable the licensees to define any relevant measures needed to reduce them, under the supervision of the Prefect. It will also tie in with the assessments of the ĶłŁņĸńňĸŁĶĸņ łĹ Ĵ ņĸʼnĸŅĸ ĻĴōĴŅķ łŁ Ĵ ĻļĺĻіŅļņľ ŃĴĶľĴĺĸё ĶĴŅŅļĸķ out as part of the stress tests performed in the wake of the ňľňņĻļŀĴ ĴļļĶĻļ Ҏ ĴŃĴŁҏ ĴĶĶļķĸŁŇ łŁ ӄӄׇ ĴŅĶĻׇӅӃӄӄє Ł order to learn the lessons from this accident, ASN asked the BNI licensees to carry out stress tests to examine the safety of the facilities in the event of a low-probability accident but one which could have major consequences for public health and safety and protection of the environment. As radioactive substances are transported on the public highway, the possibility of an accident of an intensity exceeding the package design criteria ņĸŇ ĵŌ ŇĻĸ ŅĸĺňĿĴŇļłŁņ ĶĴŁŁłŇ ĵĸ ŅňĿĸķ łňŇє łŅ ŃĴĶľĴĺĸņ ĶĴŅŅŌļŁĺ the most dangerous contents, the consequences for persons and the environment could be significant. • ³z ȸƺƬȒȅȅƺȇƳƏɎǣȒȇɀ ǣȇ Ɏǝƺ ƺɮƺȇɎ Ȓǔ Ə ɎȸƏȇɀȵȒȸɎ ƏƬƬǣƳƺȇɎ The response by the public authorities in the event of a transport accident comprises three phases: Ҋ The emergency services reach the site and initiate “reflex” measures to limit the consequences of the accident and protect the population. The radioactive nature of the substances involved is discovered during this phase. Ҋ The entity coordinating the emergency response confirms that the substances are indeed radioactive, alerts ASN and IRSN and gives more specific instructions to the responders, pending the activation of the national emergency centres. Ҋ Once the ASN and IRSN emergency centres are operational, a more detailed analysis of the situation is performed in order to advise the person in charge of the emergency operations. During the first two phases, the emergency services must manage the situation without the support of the national experts. In 2017, with the assistance of IRSN and the National Nuclear Risk Management Aid commission (MARN), ASN produced xȒƳǣˡƬƏɎǣȒȇ Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ ٹ Áx( …ژ ȸƳƺȸ يٺ ǣȇƬǣƳƺȇɎ ƏȇƳ ƏƬƬǣƳƺȇɎ ȅƏȇƏǕƺȅƺȇɎ ȵǼƏȇ Áǝƺ ٹ Áx(…ȸƳƺȸ ٺ Ȓǔ ژחא xƏɵ א ׎׎ ژח ɯƏɀ ȅȒƳǣǔǣƺƳ ƫɵ ژ Əȇ…ȸƳƺȸ Ȓǔ ׏׏ (ژ ƺƬƺȅƫƺȸ א ׎׏ ژז ȅȒȸƺ ɀȵƺƬǣǔǣƬƏǼǼɵ to clarify the contents of the radioactive materials transport incident and accident management plan. This plan must therefore in particular describe: ཛྷ the internal organisation of the company for managing an incident or accident; ཛྷ the incident or accident detection procedures, the criteria for triggering the management plan and the procedures for alerting and informing Ɏǝƺ ژ ƺȅƺȸǕƺȇƬɵ ɀƺȸɮǣƬƺɀ Ȓȸ ƬȒȅȵƺɎƺȇɎ ƏɖɎǝȒȸǣɎǣƺɀٕ ཛྷ the technical and human resources envisaged, which could contribute ɎȒ ژ ȅƏȇƏǕǣȇǕ Əȇ ǣȇƬǣƳƺȇɎ Ȓȸ ƏƬƬǣƳƺȇɎٕ ཛྷ how the management plan is kept up-to-date, more specifically including emergency training of the transport personnel and exercises or simulations. 264 ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019 ׎ ٲ ח TRANSPORT OF RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES