Abstracts ASN Report 2019

Ҋ ņĶĸŁĴŅļł ӆׇŇĴľĸņ ňŃ ŇĻĸ ĻŌŃłŇĻĸņĸņ łĹ ņĶĸŁĴŅļł ӄё ĵňŇ with the reactor fleet renewed only by EPRs, which implies reprocessing the spent ENU (6) fuels only, and no reprocessing of spent MOX (7) and URE (8) fuels; Ҋ scenario SNR hypothesises the non-renewal of the reactor fleet łŁ ŅĸĴĶĻļŁĺ ӇӃׇŌĸĴŅņ łĹ łŃĸŅĴŇļłŁ ҎӉӃׇŌĸĴŅņ ĹłŅ ŇĻĸ ҏё ŊļŇĻ early stopping of spent ENU fuel reprocessing in order not to produce separate plutonium, and stopping the reprocessing of spent MOX and ERU fuels. This inventory constitutes an input database for preparing the PNGMDR. ׏ِ א ِ ג Áǝƺ zƏɎǣȒȇƏǼ «ƏƳǣȒƏƬɎǣɮƺ xƏɎƺȸǣƏǼɀ ƏȇƳ áƏɀɎƺ xƏȇƏǕƺȅƺȇɎ ¨ǼƏȇ ŅŇļĶĿĸ єׇӈӇӅіӄіӅׇłĹ ŇĻĸ ŁʼnļŅłŁŀĸŁŇ łķĸё ĴŀĸŁķĸķ ĵŌ ŇĻĸ ĴĵłʼnĸŀĸŁŇļłŁĸķ ŅķļŁĴŁĶĸ ӅӃӄӉіӄӅӋׇłĹ ӄӃׇ ĸĵŅňĴŅŌ ӅӃӄӉё ķĸĹļŁĸņ the objectives of the PNGMDR: Ҋ draw up the inventory of the existing radioactive material and waste management methods and the chosen technical solutions; Ҋ identify the foreseeable needs for storage or disposal facilities and specify their required capacities and the storage durations; Ҋ set the general targets, the main deadlines and the schedules enabling these deadlines to be met while taking into account the priorities it defines; Ҋ determine the targets to meet for radioactive waste for which there is as yet no final management solution; Ҋ organises research and studies into the management of radioactive materials and wastes, by setting deadlines for the implementation of new management modes, the creation of facilities or the modification of existing facilities. The PNGMDR is prepared by the Directorate General for Energy and Climate (DGEC) and by ASN on the basis of the work of a pluralistic working group comprising more specifically producers of radioactive waste, licensees of the facilities managing this waste, the assessment and oversight authorities and environmental protection associations. ŅĴĶŇļĶĴĿĿŌё ŇĻĸ ļņ Ĵ ķłĶňŀĸŁŇ ҂łʼnĸŅ ӅӃӃׇŃĴĺĸņ ļŁ ŇĻĸ ӅӃӄӉіӅӃӄӋׇĸķļŇļłŁ҂ ŇĻĴŇ ŃŅłʼnļķĸņ Ĵ ķĸŇĴļĿĸķ ĴņņĸņņŀĸŁŇ łĹ radioactive material and waste management methods, whether the management route is operational or yet to be implemented, then makes recommendations and sets objectives. ASN has contributed to it through seven opinions issued in 2016, the main lines of which have been included in the plan. The Decree 2017-231 6. ENU stands for Enriched Natural Uranium. ӊє Ҏ ļŋĸķ ļķĸҏ ĹňĸĿ ļņ Ĵ ŁňĶĿĸĴŅ ĹňĸĿ ĵĴņĸķ łŁ Ĵ ŀļŋŇňŅĸ łĹ łŋļķĸņ łĹ ňŅĴŁļňŀ ĴŁķ ŃĿňŇłŁļňŀє 8. URE stands for Enriched Reprocessed Uranium. ĴŁķ ŅķĸŅ łĹ Ӆӆׇ ĸĵŅňĴŅŌ ӅӃӄӊׇņĸŇ łňŇ ŇĻĸ ŃŅĸņĶŅļŃŇļłŁņ łĹ ŇĻĸ Environment Code and the studies to conduct respectively. There ĴŅĸ ӋӆׇņňĶĻ ņŇňķļĸņё ĸĴĶĻ ŊļŇĻ Ĵ ĶłłŅķļŁĴŇłŅ ĴŁķ Ĵ ĶłŀŃĿĸŇļłŁ deadline. Ł ĴŃŃĿļĶĴŇļłŁ łĹ ŅŇļĶĿĸ єׇӄӅӅіӄׇłĹ ŇĻĸ ŁʼnļŅłŁŀĸŁŇ łķĸё ŇĻĸ ӅӃӄӉіӅӃӄӋׇĻĴņ ĵĸĸŁ ŇĻĸ ņňĵĽĸĶŇ łĹ ĴŁ ĸŁʼnļŅłŁŀĸŁŇĴĿ assessment and an opinion from the Environmental Authority, followed by a public consultation on the website of the Minister responsible for energy. The Environmental Authority’s recommendations and the contributions received during the public consultation were taken into account in the drafting of the plan and the development of regulatory requirements. Ł ĴķķļŇļłŁё ŃňŅņňĴŁŇ Ňł ŅŇļĶĿĸ єׇӈӇӅіӄіӅׇłĹ ŇĻĸ ŁʼnļŅłŁŀĸŁŇ Code, the plan was transmitted to Parliament which referred it to the Parliamentary Office for the Evaluation of Scientific and Technological Choices (OPECST) for evaluation before being made public. The PNGMDR is accompanied by a summary presenting a concise and educational overview of the management of radioactive materials and waste and the main recommendations of the plan. An English version of the PNGMDR and its summary has also been published. Ł ӅӃӄӌё ĹłĿĿłŊĸķ ŇĻĸ ŃŅłĺŅĸņņ łĹ ŇĻĸ ŊłŅľ ŅĸńňļŅĸķ ĵŌ ŇĻĸ ӅӃӄӉіӅӃӄӋё ĸņŃĸĶļĴĿĿŌ ŇĻŅłňĺĻ ŇĻĸ working group meetings. ASN also took part in all the public debate meetings preceding the development of the fifth edition of the PNGMDR (see “Notable events” in the introduction to this report), organised by the Special Public Debates Commission, and answered the questions addressed to it via the online platform provided by the Special commission. The conclusions of the public debate shall be taken into account in the development of the 5th edition of the plan. ׏ِ ב nȒȇǕ ٮ Ɏƺȸȅ ȅƏȇƏǕƺȅƺȇɎ Ȓǔ ɯƏɀɎƺ ٫ƺɴǣɀɎǣȇǕ Ȓȸ ȵȸȒǴƺƬɎƺƳ ƳǣɀȵȒɀƏǼ ǔƏƬǣǼǣɎǣƺɀ ׏ِ ב ِ׏ àƺȸɵ ǼȒɯ ٮ ǼƺɮƺǼ ɯƏɀɎƺ VLL waste comes essentially from the operation, maintenance and decommissioning of nuclear facilities. It consists mainly of inert waste (rubble, earth, sand) and metal waste. Its specific activity ļņ ňņňĴĿĿŌ Ŀĸņņ ŇĻĴŁ ӄӃӃׇ ńѼĺ ҎĵĸĶńňĸŅĸĿņ ŃĸŅ ĺŅĴŀҏ ĴŁķ ĶĴŁ ĸʼnĸŁ be below the detection threshold of certain measuring devices. Áǝƺ ȸȒǼƺ Ȓǔ ³z ǣȇ ɯƏɀɎƺ ȅƏȇƏǕƺȅƺȇɎ The public authorities, and ASN in particular, are attentive to the fact that there must be a management route for all waste and that each waste management step is carried out under safe conditions. ASN thus considers that the development of management routes appropriate to each waste category is fundamental and that any delay in the search for long-term waste disposal solutions will increase the volume and size of the storage areas in the facilities and the inherent risks. ASN takes care, particularly within the framework of the PNGMDR but also by inspecting the installations and regularly assessing the licensees’ waste management strategy, to ensure that the system made up by all these routes is complete, safe and coherent. This approach must take into account all the issues relating to safety, radiation protection, minimisation of the volume and harmfulness of the waste, while ensuring satisfactory traceability. Finally, ASN considers that this management approach must be conducted in a manner that is transparent for the public and involves all the stakeholders, in a framework that fosters the expression of different opinions. The PNGMDR is thus developed within a pluralistic working group co-chaired by ASN and the Directorate General for Energy and Climate (DGEC) as described in chapter 2. ASN also publishes the PNGMDR, its synthesis, the minutes of the abovementioned working group’s meetings, the studies required by the plan and the associated ASN opinions on its website. 352 ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019 ׏ ٲ ג RADIOACTIVE WASTE AND CONTAMINATED SITES AND SOILS