Abstracts ASN Report 2019

Orano Mining has thus deployed a plan of action comprising three broad phases: ҄ ĴĸŅļĴĿ łʼnĸŅĹĿļĺĻŇ ĴŅłňŁķ ŇĻĸ ĹłŅŀĸŅ ŅĸŁĶĻ ŀļŁļŁĺ ņļŇĸņ Ňł ļķĸŁŇļĹŌ radiological singularities; ҄ inspection on the ground of areas identified in the overflight to confirm the presence of waste rock; ҄ treatment of areas of interest incompatible with the land usage. The second phase of this action plan was completed in 2014. The Ministry responsible for the environment defined the procedures for managing cases of confirmed presence of mining waste rock ļŁ ĴŁ ŁņŇŅňĶŇļłŁ Ňł ŅĸĹĸĶŇņ łĹ Ӌׇ ňĺňņŇ ӅӃӄӆє łŀĸ ŊłŅľ ĻĴņ ĵĸĸŁ ĶĴŅŅļĸķ łňŇ ņļŁĶĸ ӅӃӄӈׇłŁ ņļŇĸņ ĶĿĴņņļĹļĸķ Ĵņ ŃŅļłŅļŇļĸņё ŇĻĴŇ is to say sites where the calculation of the added annual effective dose excluding radon due to the presence of waste rock on generic ņĶĸŁĴŅļłņ ĸŋĶĸĸķņ ŇĻĸ ʼnĴĿňĸ łĹ ӃєӉׇŀ ʼnѼŌĸĴŅ ҎŀļĿĿļņļĸʼnĸŅŇņ ŃĸŅ ŌĸĴŅҏ on the basis of a radiological impact study. Ł ĴŁňĴŅŌ ӅӃӄӋё ňŁķĸŅ ŇĻĸ ӅӃӄӉіӅӃӄӋё ŅĴŁł ņňĵŀļŇŇĸķ an assessment of the actions taken when inventorying the mining waste rock on public land. ASN is currently examining this assessment. ׭٫ ڲ Management of sites and soils contaminated by radioactive substances A site contaminated by radioactive substances is defined as any site, whether abandoned or in operation, on which natural or artificial radioactive substances have been or are employed or ņŇłŅĸķ ļŁ ĶłŁķļŇļłŁņ ņňĶĻ ŇĻĴŇ ŇĻĸ ņļŇĸ ŀĴŌ ĶłŁņŇļŇňŇĸ Ĵ ĻĴōĴŅķ for health and the environment. Contamination by radioactive substances can result from industrial, craft, medical or research activities involving radioactive substances. It can concern the places where these activities are carried out, but also their immediate or more remote vicinity. The activities concerned are generally either nuclear activities as defined by the Public Health Code, or activities concerned by natural radioactivity. However, most of the sites contaminated by radioactive substances and today requiring management have been the seat of past industrial activities, dating back to a time when ŅĴķļłĴĶŇļʼnĸ ĻĴōĴŅķņ ŊĸŅĸ ŁłŇ ŃĸŅĶĸļʼnĸķ ļŁ ŇĻĸ ņĴŀĸ ŊĴŌ Ĵņ ĴŇ present. The main industrial sectors that generated the radioactive contamination identified today were radium extraction for ŀĸķļĶĴĿ ĴŁķ ŃĴŅĴŃĻĴŅŀĴĶĸňŇļĶĴĿ Łĸĸķņё ĹŅłŀ ŇĻĸ ĸĴŅĿŌ ӄӌӃӃņ ňŁŇļĿ ŇĻĸ ĸŁķ łĹ ŇĻĸ ӄӌӆӃņё ŇĻĸ ŀĴŁňĹĴĶŇňŅĸ ĴŁķ ĴŃŃĿļĶĴŇļłŁ łĹ luminescent radioactive paint for night vision, and the industries ŊłŅľļŁĺ łŅĸņ ņňĶĻ Ĵņ ŀłŁĴōļŇĸ łŅ ōļŅĶłŁņє ļŇĸņ ĶłŁŇĴŀļŁĴŇĸķ by radioactive substances are managed on a case-by-case basis, which necessitates having a precise diagnosis of the site. ŅŇļĶĿĸ єӄӅӈіӉׇłĹ ŇĻĸ ŁʼnļŅłŁŀĸŁŇ łķĸ ŃŅłʼnļķĸņ ĹłŅ ŇĻĸ ŇĴŇĸ to create soil information sectors in the light of the information at its disposal. These sectors must comprise land areas in which the knowledge of soil contamination justifies –particularly in the case of change of use– carrying out soil analyses and taking contamination management measures to preserve safety, public ĻĸĴĿŇĻ ĴŁķ ŇĻĸ ĸŁʼnļŅłŁŀĸŁŇє ĸĶŅĸĸ ӅӃӄӈіӄӆӈӆׇłĹ ӅӉׇ ĶŇłĵĸŅׇӅӃӄӈ defines the conditions of application of these measures. The Regional Directorates for the Environment, Planning and Housing (Dreals) coordinate the soil information sector development process under the authority of the Prefects. The ASN regional divisions contribute to the process by informing the Dreals of the sites they know to be contaminated by radioactive substances. The soil information sector development process is progressive and is not intended to be exhaustive. Ultimately these sites are to be registered in the urban planning documents. Several inventories of contaminated sites are available to the public and are complementary: Andra’s national inventory, which ļņ ňŃķĴŇĸķ ĸʼnĸŅŌ ӆׇŌĸĴŅņ ĴŁķ ĶłŀŃŅļņĸņ ŇĻĸ ņļŇĸņ ļķĸŁŇļĹļĸķ Ĵņ ĶłŁŇĴŀļŁĴŇĸķ ĵŌ ŅĴķļłĴĶŇļʼnĸ ņňĵņŇĴŁĶĸņ ҎŇĻĸ ӅӃӄӋׇĸķļŇļłŁ ļņ available on andra.fr ) and the databases of the Ministry responsible for the environment dedicated to contaminated sites and soils. ³z ȒɮƺȸɀǣǕǝɎ Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ ɮƏȸǣȒɖɀ ɖȸƏȇǣɖȅ ȅǣȇǣȇǕ ɀǣɎƺɀ ƏȇƳ ɀȒǣǼɀ ƬȒȇɎƏȅǣȇƏɎƺƳ ƫɵ ȸƏƳǣȒƏƬɎǣɮƺ ɀɖƫɀɎƏȇƬƺɀ The uranium mines, their annexes and their conditions Ȓǔ ƬǼȒɀɖȸƺ Əȸƺ ƬȒɮƺȸƺƳ ƫɵ Ɏǝƺ xǣȇǣȇǕ !ȒƳƺِ Áǝƺ ژ ƳǣɀȵȒɀƏǼ facilities for radioactive mining tailings are governed ƫɵ ɀƺƬɎǣȒȇ ׏ ژדבו Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ X!¨0 ȇȒȅƺȇƬǼƏɎɖȸƺِ…ɮƺȸɀǣǕǝɎ of the conditions of management of the mine tailings or mining waste rock outside the production or disposal sites is the responsibility of the Prefect, on proposals from the Regional Directorate for the Environment, Planning and Housing (Dreal). Consequently, the mines, the disposal areas, the mine tailings, the conditions of management of mine tailings Ȓȸ ژ ȅǣȇǣȇǕ ɯƏɀɎƺ ȸȒƬǸ Ȓȇ ȵɖƫǼǣƬ ǼƏȇƳ ƏȇƳ Ɏǝƺ ȅƏȇƏǕƺȅƺȇɎ of sites and soils with no solvent responsible entity which are polluted by radioactive substances are not subject to ASN oversight. ASN assists the State departments at their request in the areas of radiation protection of workers and the public, and the management routes for mining waste, ɎƏǣǼǣȇǕɀ ƏȇƳ ɯƏɀɎƺ ȸȒƬǸِ Xȇ ƏƳƳǣɎǣȒȇً ɖȇƳƺȸ Ɏǝƺ ژ ¨zJx(«ً ASN issues opinions on the studies submitted in order, for example, to improve knowledge of the development of the long-term radiological impact of the former mining sites on the public and the environment. ASN can, at the request of the competent authority, issue an opinion regarding the management of these sites. In October 2012, ASN finalised its doctrine specifying the fundamental principles it has adopted for the management of sites contaminated by radioactive substances. In the event that, depending on the characteristics of the site, this procedure would be difficult to apply, it is in any case necessary to go as far as reasonably possible in the remediation process and to provide elements, whether technical or economic, proving that the remediation operations cannot be taken further and are compatible with the actual or planned use of the site. The ASN doctrine defines the measures to take if complete remediation is not achieved. ASN has initiated Ə ژ ƬȸǣɎǣƬƏǼ ȸƺɮǣƺɯ Ȓǔ Ɏǝǣɀ ƳȒƬɎȸǣȇƺً Ȓȇ Ɏǝƺ ƫƏɀǣɀ Ȓǔ ƺɴȵƺȸǣƺȇƬƺ feedback and the regulatory developments of 2018. 364 ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019 ׏ ٲ ג RADIOACTIVE WASTE AND CONTAMINATED SITES AND SOILS