Abstracts ASN Report 2019

CEA SACLAY SITE The Saclay research centre, covering an area of 223 hectares, is located about 20 km south-west of Paris, in the Essonne département ِ ƫȒɖɎ ה ً׎׎׎ ژ ȵƺȒȵǼƺ ɯȒȸǸ Ɏǝƺȸƺِ ³ǣȇƬƺ 2005, this centre has been primarily devoted to physical sciences, fundamental research and applied research. The applications concern physics, metallurgy, electronics, biology, climatology, simulation, chemistry and the environment. The main aim of applied nuclear research is to optimise the operation and enhance the safety of the French Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). The Saclay centre accommodates eight BNIs. Nearby are also located an office of the French National Institute for Nuclear science and Technology (INSTN) –a training institute– and two industrial firms: Technicatome, which designs nuclear reactors for ȇƏɮƏǼ ȵȸȒȵɖǼɀǣȒȇً ƏȇƳ !X³ ژ ƫǣȒ ǣȇɎƺȸȇƏɎǣȒȇƏǼً ɯǝǣƬǝ ȵȸȒƳɖƬƺɀ radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear medicine. THE INDUSTRIAL AND RESEARCH FACILITIES …ɀǣȸǣɀ ƏȇƳ X³X³ ȸƺƏƬɎȒȸɀ – CEA Centre The Osiris pool-type reactor has an authorised power of ו ׎ ژ xáɎǝ ٢ȅƺǕƏɯƏɎɎɀ ɎǝƺȸȅƏǼ٣ِ XɎ ɯƏɀ ȵȸǣȅƏȸǣǼɵ ǣȇɎƺȇƳƺƳ ǔȒȸ technological irradiation of structural materials and fuels for various power reactor technologies. Another of its functions was to produce radionuclides for medical purposes. XɎɀ ƬȸǣɎǣƬƏǼ ȅȒƬǸ ٮ ɖȵً Ɏǝƺ X³X³ ȸƺƏƬɎȒȸ ɯǣɎǝ Ə ȵȒɯƺȸ Ȓǔ ו ׎׎ ژ ǸáɎǝ (kilowatts thermal), was essentially used for training purposes. Áǝƺɀƺ ɎɯȒ ȸƺƏƬɎȒȸɀً ɯǝǣƬǝ ƬȒȇɀɎǣɎɖɎƺ zX גژ ׎ً ɯƺȸƺ ƏɖɎǝȒȸǣɀƺƳ ƫɵ Ɏǝƺ (ƺƬȸƺƺ Ȓǔ ژז hɖȇƺ ׏ דהח ِ Given the old design of this facility by comparison with the best available techniques for protection against external hazards and for containment of materials in the event of an accident, the Osiris reactor was shut down at the end of 2015. The ISIS reactor was definitively shut down in March 2019. In …ƬɎȒƫƺȸ אژ ׎׏ ז ً Ɏǝƺ IȸƺȇƬǝ ǼɎƺȸȇƏɎǣɮƺ 0ȇƺȸǕǣƺɀ ƏȇƳ ɎȒȅǣƬ Energy Commission (CEA) submitted its decommissioning file for the complete facility: the Osiris reactor and the ISIS reactor. The decommissioning file admissibility analysis carried ȒɖɎ ƫɵ ³z ǣȇ א ׎׏ ژח ȸƺɮƺƏǼƺƳ Ɏǝƺ ȇƺƺƳ ǔȒȸ Ə ȅȒȸƺ ƳƺɎƏǣǼƺƳ description of the operations planned for each stage of decommissioning, to better justify the envisaged initial state at the start of decommissioning, and to provide clarifications on the results of the impact study. Since the Osiris reactor was shut down, the operations to remove the radioactive substances and hazardous materials and to prepare for decommissioning are under way, with an organisation that is adapted to this new reactor status. «ƺȅȒɮƏǼ Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ ɀȵƺȇɎ ǔɖƺǼɀ ƬȒȇɎǣȇɖƺƳ ǣȇ א ׎׏ ژח ƏȇƳ Ə ȇƺɯ generator set was commissioned. Áǝƺ ǣȇɀȵƺƬɎǣȒȇɀ ƬȒȇƳɖƬɎƺƳ ƫɵ ³z ǣȇ א ׎׏ ژח ɀǝȒɯƺƳ ɎǝƏɎ Ɏǝƺ facility is operated under satisfactory conditions as regards the transport operations and the electrical equipment. However, the emergency organisation and operational management for accident situations must be improved, particularly through the updating of the operational documents and tightened monitoring of the training programmes. Management of the decommissioning preparation operations is satisfactory in the technical aspects, but some delays are observed. Management of baseline requirement updating deadlines needs to be improved. Lastly, some of the significant events reveal organisational and human weaknesses, particularly in the relations with the centre’s technical services. Consequently, the licensee must be vigilant regarding maintaining of operating rigour and the safety culture and in the analyses of periodic checks and tests results. …ȸȵǝƻƺ ȸƺƏƬɎȒȸ – CEA Centre Áǝƺ…ȸȵǝƻƺ ȸƺƏƬɎȒȸ ٢ zX ژ ׏׎׏٣ً Ə ȇƺɖɎȸȒȇ ɀȒɖȸƬƺ ȸƺƏƬɎȒȸً ǣɀ Ə ȵȒȒǼ ٮ Ɏɵȵƺ ȸƺɀƺƏȸƬǝ ȸƺƏƬɎȒȸ ɯǣɎǝ Ə ǼǣƬƺȇɀƺƳ ȵȒɯƺȸ Ȓǔ ׏ ژג xáɎǝِ The highly compact core is located in a tank of heavy water acting as moderator. Creation of the reactor was authorised ƫɵ Ɏǝƺ (ƺƬȸƺƺ Ȓǔ ژז xƏȸƬǝ ׏ ژזוח ƏȇƳ ǣɎɀ ǔǣȸɀɎ ƳǣɮƺȸǕƺȇƬƺ ɎȒȒǸ place in 1980. It is equipped with nine horizontal channels ɎƏȇǕƺȇɎǣƏǼ ɎȒ Ɏǝƺ ƬȒȸƺً ƏǼǼȒɯǣȇǕ Ɏǝƺ ɖɀƺ Ȓǔ ׏ ژח ȇƺɖɎȸȒȇ ƫƺƏȅɀِ These beams were used for conducting experiments in areas such as physics, biology and physical chemistry. The reactor also has ten vertical channels allowing the introduction of samples to irradiate for the manufacture of radionuclides or the production of special materials. The neutron radiography facility, for its part, is intended for the performance of non- destructive tests on certain components. TheOrphée reactor was definitively shut down at the end of 2019. The licensee is preparing the decommissioning file for the facility. Based on the inspections carried out in 2019, ASN considers that the level of safety of the Orphée reactor is on the whole satisfactory. Operation of the cooling towers has improved since 2018, when numerous deviations were observed. However, the fire risk control measuresmust be improved, asmust emergency management preparedness. Lastly, the robustness of some of the nuclear pressure equipmentmanagement provisionsmust be increased. Following reactor shutdown, the phase of decommissioning preparationpending issuingof the decommissioningdecree shall be subject to particular scrutiny by ASN, notably the adaptation of the organisation and the personnel skills tomanage newactivities whilemaintaining the level of safety of the facility. ³ȵƺȇɎ ǔɖƺǼ ɎƺɀɎǣȇǕ ǼƏƫȒȸƏɎȒȸɵ – CEA Centre Áǝƺ ³ȵƺȇɎ IɖƺǼ ÁƺɀɎǣȇǕ nƏƫȒȸƏɎȒȸɵ ٢n0!X٣ ٫ zX דژ ׎٫ ɯƏɀ built and commissioned in November 1959. It was declared Ə ƏɀǣƬ zɖƬǼƺƏȸ XȇɀɎƏǼǼƏɎǣȒȇ Ȓȇ ژז hƏȇɖƏȸɵ ׏ ژזהח ƫɵ Ɏǝƺ !0 ِ An extension was authorised in 2000. The LECI is an expert assessment aid for the nuclear licensees. Its role is to study the properties of materials used in the nuclear sector, whether irradiated or not. This facility must meet the same safety requirements as the fuel cycle nuclear installations, but the safety approach is proportional to the risks and drawbacks it presents. 62 ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2019 REGIONAL OVERVIEWOF NUCLEAR SAFETY AND RADIATION PROTECTION \n0 (ٳ 0 ٳ I« z!0