in 2012. It specifies the national response to a nuclear accident, the strategy to be applied and the main actions to be taken. It includes the international nature of emergencies and the mutual assistance possibilities in the case of an event. b) Off-site Emergency Plan In the vicinity of the facility, the Off-site Emergency Plan (PPI) is established by the Prefect of the département concerned pursuant to Articles L.741-6, R.741-18 et seq. of the Domestic Security Code, “to protect the populations, property and the environment, and to cope with the specific risks associated with the existence of structures and facilities whose perimeter is localised and fixed. The PPI implements the orientations of civil protection policy in terms of mobilisation of resources, information, alert, exercises and training”. These Articles also stipulate the characteristics of the facilities or structures for which the Prefect is required to define a PPI. The PPI specifies the initial actions to be taken to protect the general public, the roles of the various services concerned, the systems for giving the alert, and the human and material resources likely to be engaged in order to protect the general public. The PPI falls within the framework of the Disaster and Emergency Response Organisation (Orsec), which describes the protective measures decided on by the public authorities in large-scale emergencies. Therefore, beyond the application perimeter of the PPI, the département or zone Orsec plan is activated. ASN assists the Prefect, who is responsible for the drafting and approval of the PPI, by analysing the various aspects with its technical support organisation, IRSN, including those concerning the nature and scale of the radiological consequences of an accident. The PPIs currently make it possible to plan the public authori– ties’ response in the first hours of the accident, in order to protect the population living within a 20 km radius around the affected installation. The PPI comprise a “reflex” phase, in which the licensee immediately issues an alert to the populations situated within a radius of from a few hundred metres up to 2 km (for electricity generating reactors). Once alerted by activation of the “PPI” sirens, the populations situated within this radius must take shelter and listen to the media. The PPI are also able to prepare for an “immediate evacuation” response from a distance of a few hundred metres up to 5 km (for electricity generating reactors). Finally, in a radius of up to 20 km around the installations, the PPI provide for measures to restrict consumption in the event of an accident, plus reinforced information of the populations regarding the risks from the installation and the appropriate behaviour to be followed. The additional measures to be taken beyond the zone covered by the PPI are specified, as applicable, through a joint approach which can be based on the Orsec arrangements, taking account of the characteristics of the accident and the weather conditions. c) On-site Emergency Plan As part of the BNI commissioning authorisation procedures, ASN examines and approves the On-site Emergency Plans (PUIs) and their updates (Article R. 593-31 of the Environment Code). The PUI, prepared by the licensee, is designed to restore the plant to a controlled and stable condition and mitigate the consequences of an event. It defines the organisational actions and the resources to be implemented on the site. It also includes the provisions for rapidly informing the public authorities. The obligations of the licensee relative to the preparation for and management of emergency situations are defined in Title VII of the Order of 7 February 2012 setting the general rules for BNIs. The associated provisions were stipulated in ASN resolution 2017-DC-0592 of 13 June 2017 concerning the obligations of BNI licensees in terms of preparedness for and management of emergency situations and the content of the PUI, known as the “emergency” resolution, approved by the Order of 28 August 2017. 1.1.2 Response plans for radioactive substance transport accidents The transport of radioactive substances represents nearly a million packages carried in France every year. The dimensions, weight, radiological activity and corresponding safety implications can vary widely from one package to another. ASN examines and approves the management plans for events linked to the transport of radioactive substances drawn up by the stakeholders for the transport of such substances pursuant to the international regulations for the carriage of dangerous goods. These plans describe the steps to be taken, depending on the nature and scale of the foreseeable hazards, in order to avoid damage or, as necessary, mitigate the effects. The content of these plans is defined in ASN Guide No. 17. SECNUC 2021 EXERCISE: SIMULATION OF THE CIC AND THE INTERMINISTERIAL ASPECTS OF A NUCLEAR EMERGENCY On 18 and 19 May 2021, ASN took part in the SECNUC 2021 major emergency exercise under the supervision of and at the initiative of the General Secretariat for Defence and National Security (SGDSN). This type of exercise, involving the local and national levels of the various stakeholders, is held every three years. On this occasion, several ASN staff members took part in emergency management within the Interministerial Crisis Committee (CIC). The CIC is an organisation enabling the Prime Minister, in collaboration with the President of the Republic, to exercise his/her emergency management responsibilities. It brings together all the ministries concerned, in order to collect all useful information and develop the analysis capacity required for decision-making. The exercise scenario was run three days after a fictitious accident which took place on 15 May in the EDF Saint-Laurent- des-Eaux NPP (département 41), leading to radioactive releases into the environment. The participants thus managed the post-accident phase of the nuclear accident, first of all with emergency management by role-playing two decision-making meetings of the CIC and then, the next day, jumping back four days in the exercise scenario to run a forward-planning situation. ASN thus mobilised about fifty people over these two exercise days. ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2021 169 04 – RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY AND POST-ACCIDENT SITUATIONS 08 07 13 04 10 06 12 14 03 09 05 11 02 01 AP
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