Table 1 shows the positions of the public authorities (Government, ASN and technical experts) and the licensees in a radiological emergency situation. These players each operate in their respective fields of competence with regard to assessment, decision-making, intervention and communication, for which regular audio-conferences are held. The exchanges between the players lead to decisions and orientations concerning the safety of the facility and the protection of the general public. Similarly, relations between the communication units and the spokespersons of the emergency centres ensure that the public and media are given coherent information. 3. Learning from experience 3.1 Carrying out exercises The main aim of these nuclear and radiological emergency exercises is to test the planned response in the event of a radiological emergency, in order: ∙ to measure the level of preparedness of all the entities involved (safety Authorities, technical experts, licensees); ∙ to ensure that the plans are kept up to date, that they are wellknown to those in charge and to the participants at all levels and that the alert and coordination procedures they contain are effective; ∙ to train those who would be involved in such a situation; ∙ to implement the various aspects of the organisation and the procedures set out in the Interministerial Directives: the emergency plans, the contingency plans, the local safeguard plans and the various conventions; ∙ to contribute to informing the media and to develop a general public information approach so that everyone can, through their own individual behaviour, contribute to civil protection; ∙ to build on emergency situation management knowledge and experience. These exercises, which are scheduled by an annual interministerial instruction, involve the licensee, the Ministries, the offices of the Prefects and services of the départements, ASN, the Defence Nuclear Safety Authority (ASND), IRSN and Météo-France, which can represent up to 300 people when resources are deployed in the field. They aim to test the effectiveness of the provisions made for assessing the situation, the ability to bring the installation or the package to a safe condition, to take appropriate measures to protect the general public and to ensure satisfactory communication with the media and the populations concerned. TABLE Positions of the various stakeholders in a radiological emergency situation DECISION EXPERT APPRAISAL INTERVENTION COMMUNICATION Public authorities Government (CIC) Prefecture (COD, COZ) – Prefecture Civil protection Government (CIC) Prefecture (COD) ASN (CU) IRSN (CTC) Météo‑France IRSN (mobile units) ASN IRSN Licensees National and local levels National and local levels Local level National and local levels CIC: Interministerial Crisis Committee – COD: Departmental Operations Centre – COZ: Zone Operations Centre – CTC: Emergency Technical Centre CU: Emergency Centre 1 TABLE National nuclear and radiological emergency exercises conducted in 2022 NUCLEAR SITE DATES OF EXERCISE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS EDF Cattenom NPP (57) 11 and 12 May • Decision-making process and simulated media pressure • ASN inspectors dispatched to the affected site • Exchange of information with neighbouring countries Avord air base (18) 8 and 9 June • Coordination with ASND • Recommendations for post-accident management EDF Dampierre-en Burly NPP (45) 14 and 15 September • Decision-making process • ASN inspectors dispatched to the affected site CEA's centre in Cadarache (13) 30 September • Decision-making process and simulated media pressure • ASN inspectors dispatched to the affected site EDF Paluel NPP (76) 12 and 13 October • Decision-making process and simulated media pressure • Actions related to the National Resilience Day EDF Cruas-Meysse NPP (07) 20 and 21 October • Decision-making process • ASN inspectors dispatched to the affected site • Post-accident workshop Île Longue naval base (29) 23 and 24 November • Coordination with ASND • Post-accident workshop EDF Saint-Alban NPP (38) 25 November • Decision-making process • ASN inspectors dispatched to the affected site EDF Flamanville NPP (50) 13 and 14 December • Decision-making process • ASN inspectors dispatched to the affected site 2 ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2022 177 • 04 • Radiological emergency and post-accident situations 01 04 07 08 13 AP 10 06 12 14 03 09 05 11 02
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