A BNI is an installation which, by its nature or because of the quantity or activity of the radioactive substances it contains, is subject to a specific regulation and oversight system defined by the Environment Code (Title IX of Book V). These installations must be authorised by decree further to a public inquiry and the opinion of ASN. Their design, construction, operation and decommissioning are regulated. The following are BNIs: 1. nuclear reactors; 2. large installations for the preparation, enrichment, fabrication, treatment or storage of nuclear fuels, or for the treatment, storage or disposal of radioactive waste; 3. large installations containing radioactive or fissile substances; 4. large particle accelerators; 5. deep geological repositories for radioactive waste. With the exception of nuclear reactors and any future deep geological repositories for radioactive waste, which are all BNIs, Section 1 titled “Classification of Basic Nuclear Installations” of Chapter III of Title IX of Book V of the regulatory section of the Environment Code sets the BNI System entry thresholds for each category. For technical or legal reasons, the BNI concept can cover different physical realities: thus, in a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP), each reactor may be considered to be a specific BNI, or a given BNI may be made up of two reactors. Similarly, a “fuel cycle” plant or a centre of the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) may be made up of several BNIs. These different configurations do not change the conditions of oversight in any way. The following come under the BNI System: ∙ installations under construction, if they have formed the subject of a Creation Authorisation Decree (DAC); ∙ installations in operation; ∙ installations that are shut down or undergoing decommissioning, until they are delicensed by an ASN resolution. As at 31 December 2022, the number of BNIs (in the sense of legal entities) stood at 123. Notified BNIs are those which existed prior to publication of Decree 63-1228 of 11 December 1963 concerning nuclear installations which neither the said Decree nor the Environment Code subjected to licensing but simply to notification on the basis of the acquired rights (see Articles L. 593-35 and L. 593-36 of the Environment Code). The missing BNI numbers correspond to installations that figured in the previous issues of the list but which are no longer BNIs, having been either delicensed (see chapter 13) or licensed as new BNIs (for example, further to the merging of BNIs 63 and 98 into a single BNI 63-U, the numbers 63 and 98 have been removed from the list and number 63-U has been added). APPENDIX To ensure the oversight of all the civil nuclear activities and installations in France, the French Nuclear Safety Authority (ASN) has a regional organisation comprising eleven regional divisions based in Bordeaux, Caen, Châlons‑en‑Champagne, Dijon, Lille, Lyon, Marseille, Nantes, Orléans, Paris and Strasbourg. The Caen and Orléans divisions are responsible for the oversight of the Basic Nuclear Installations (BNI) in the Bretagne (Brittany) and Île-de-France regions respectively. The Paris division is responsible for oversight of the overseas regions and the département of Mayotte, while the Marseille division oversees radiation protection and radioactive substance transport in the Corse (Corsica) territorial collectivity. Overview of the Basic Nuclear Installations as at 31 December 2022 376 ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2022
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