- 334 - the activities entrusted to contractors outside the AREVA group, representing between 50 and 60% of all the activities subcontracted, depending on the site, and which generally concern the following: o management of effluents; o management of non-radioactive waste; o maintenance outside the "core process"; o design or consultancy services; o inspections and periodic tests. These general principles do not take account of the aspects specific to each site. Therefore, the operation and maintenance of certain nuclear activities are subcontracted on the La Hague and Mélox sites; the Mélox facility has another particular contractor, the licensee of the CEA Marcoule site, which manages the services common to the entire site, such as medical or security services; the La Hague, Tricastin and Mélox sites chose to subcontract all or part of the "core process" maintenance. In its CSA reports, AREVA presents the volume of activities subcontracted in terms of costs, but without comparing this with the cost of the activities not subcontracted. It is not therefore possible to evaluate the scale of subcontracting on the sites operated by an entity of the AREVA group. However, the costs of the subcontracted activities are presented. They can be broken down on the sites generally as follows: engineering: between 16 and 40%; maintenance: between 18 and 24%; construction, networks, upkeep of buildings: between 6 and 20%; transport of radioactive materials: between 1 and 24%; equipment, components: about 10%; clean-up or decommissioning of equipment, facilities or premises: between 2 and 7%; support activities (utilities, laundry, etc.): between 1 and 12%; waste management: between 2 and 4%; ISO certification, quality, inspections and periodic tests: 1%; others: between 3 and 6%. In addition to these activities, AREVA states that subcontracting of the operation of some nuclear activities (La Hague and Mélox sites) represents between 3 and 6% of the total cost of the subcontracted activities. Management of subcontracted activities Contractor selection methods The ASN specifications for the CSAs ask AREVA to describe how the contractors are selected: requirements concerning the qualification of outside contractors (in particular the nuclear safety and radiation protection training of the staff), formal specifications and types of contracts, methods for placing of contracts, steps taken to give subcontractor companies and their employees medium-term visibility of their activities. With regard to the contractor selection procedures, the AREVA group has a general doctrine, which is a "buying" process implemented on the sites to take account of the specificities of each one. This doctrine is applied through various site procedures concerning the following general topics (the title of the corresponding "site" documents varies from one site to another): drafting of specifications for calls for bids or requests for services; monitoring and receipt of a purchase order; evaluation of contractors or suppliers;
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