INTERNAL CONTAMINATION MEASUREMENTS AND TREATMENTS Specific antidotes 39 SHEET Below are listed the specific antidotes for treating internal contamination and wounds contaminated by the most commonly encountered radionuclides. The radionuclide handbook incorporated in the last part of this guide is more complete and describers the emergency treatments for all the relevant radionuclides. Prussian Blue Iron ferrocyanide PRESENTATION RADIOGARDASE® 500 mg capsules (SERB). INDICATIONS Internal contamination (ingestion, inhalation, wound): Caesium (RH10), mixture of fission products (RH31), Indium (RH23) and Thallium (RH51). DOSAGE • Adults – Children > 12 years: 1 g, 3 times a day, i.e. 3 g/d. • Children 2 to 12 years: 0.5 g, 3 times a day, i.e. 1.5 g/d. • Children < 2 years: no data being available, the administration of Prussian blue must be evaluated with respect to the risks involved. The capsules must be swallowed with a drink or with foodstuffs; food intake speeds up biliary secretion and the enterohepatic cycle. With patients who have difficulty swallowing, the capsules can be opened and their content mixed with the food or a liquid (for example, a mannitol solution). Note that Prussian Blue colours the faeces blue. Potassium iodide PRESENTATION Potassium iodide, 65 mg tablets (PCA – Central Pharmacy of the Armed Forces). INDICATIONS Internal contamination (ingestion, inhalation, wound) by iodines (RH 24), mixture of fission products (RH 31) and radioactive tellurium (RH 50). DOSAGE • Adults (including pregnant women) and and children > 12 years: 2 tablets. • Children of 3 to 12 years: 1 tablet. • Children of 1 month to 3 years: 1/2 tablet (may be dissolved in water, milk or fruit juice if necessary). • Newborns (< 1 month): 16 mg, i.e. 1/4 tablet. To be effective, the stable iodine must be taken no later than eight hours after contamination. In the event of a nuclear or radiological accident, the tablets pre-distributed to the public must only be taken when formally instructed to do so by the competent authorities (Prefect or high command in a military environment). Manufactured by the Central Pharmacy of the Armed Forces (PCA) and available subject to conditions from the Directorate of Health Product Procurements for the Armed Forces (DAPSA-Orléans). 112 MEDICAL RESPONSE IN NUCLEAR OR RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY
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