PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Cobalt-57 ( 57Co ) ▖Radioactive half-life: 271.8 d ▖Main types of radiation emitted: e- and g Cobalt-58 ( 58Co ) ▖Radioactive half-life: 70.8 d ▖Main types of radiation emitted: b+ and g Cobalt-60 ( 60Co ) ▖Radioactive half-life: 5.3 years ▖Main types of radiation emitted: b- and g SOURCES OF EXPOSURE ▖57Co: nuclear medicine (diagnosis) ▖58Co: nuclear reactors (activation products) ▖60Co: nuclear reactors (activation product) – industrial and medical sources french-nuclear-safety.fr/dosimetric-references 60 Co Cobalt 58 Co Cobalt J Urine bioassay J Faeces bioassay J In vivo measurement Cobalt 57 Co Cobalt EMERGENCY TREATMENT FIRST-LINE TREATMENT Sodium calcium edetate PRESENTATION SODIUM CALCIUM EDETATE SERB®, 50 mg/ml, solution for IV injection. 10 ml vials containing 500 mg of Sodium calcium edetate. DOSAGE Adults: 2 vials by infusion in 250 ml of saline. Children according to their weight (as a guideline only): Weight Daily dosage < 18 kg ½ vial 18 to 30 kg ½ vial to 1 vial ≥ 30 kg 1 vial SECOND-LINE TREATMENT Pentetate calcium trisodium PRESENTATION Ca-DTPA 250 mg/ml, injectable solution. 4 ml vial (PCA – Central Pharmacy of the Armed Forces). DOSAGE Persons > 12 years: slow IV injection or infusion in 15 min of a half-vial of Ca-DTPA (i.e. 0.5 g), diluted in 100 to 200 ml of isotonic saline solution or 5% glucose solution, without exceeding 1 g/d. Children (< 12 years): slow IV injection or infusion 14 mg/kg, without exceeding 0.5 g/d. TREATMENTS COMPLEMENTARY TO INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION ▪ Pulmonary contamination Adults – Children (to be used with caution): 1 g in a single administration by inhalation – nebulisation only (spray mist, 50/50 dilution of a 4 ml vial in sterile or saline water). ▪ Contaminated wounds Pour one or more vials over the wound. EXPOSURE RISK ▖Irradiation +++ ▖External contamination ++ 58Co and 60Co ▖Internal contamination +++ DOSE COEFFICIENT REFERENCE Effective committed dose per becquerel incorporated, taken from the Order mentioned in Article R. 1333-24 of the Public Health Code:INTERNAL CONTAMINATION MEASUREMENT RADIONUCLIDE HANDBOOK • Emergency treatment of internal contamination RH 15
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