MEDICAL RESPONSE STRATEGY The 3 types of victim In the event of a voluntary act or an accident of radiological or nuclear (RN) origin involving a risk of radioactive contamination and irradiation affecting a large number of victims, the emergency medical care organisation must be appropriate for the management of all the victims, distinguishing the following three types. The injured persons are potentially contaminated and/or irradiated. Casualties can be divided into Absolute Urgencies (AU), which includes the Extreme Urgencies (EU), and Relative Urgencies (RU). This categorisation of the casualties is carried out on site by the medical teams of the Mobile Emergency and Resuscitation Service (SMUR) and/or the Rapid Response Health Unit (RRHU) of the Fire and Rescue Services (FRS). Another medical triage is carried out at the reception of 1st line healthcare facilities, particularly with self-presenting victims. The management of these casualties complies with the usual response principles in disaster or accident situations involving a large number of victims: whatever the circumstances, medical-surgical urgencies take priority over the treatment of contamination and irradiation. The urgent medical actions must therefore be taken before carrying out any decontamination procedures. The AUs must receive medical care and be evacuated rapidly. Among them, the EUs must receive medical or possibly surgical treatment without delay. They are likely to be evacuated directly after stabilisation without full decontamination, subject to agreement between the Emergency Operations Commander (EOC), the Medical Operational Coordinator (MOC) and the regulating physician of the Emergency Medical Assistance Service (SAMU), supported if necessary by the medical consultant of the Regional Reference Hospital for the RN risk (RRH RN). The RUs undergo prehospital decontamination (emergency decontamination and full decontamination), before being evacuated to a healthcare facility. A residual contamination check must be carried out using a detector equipped with a suitable probe. SEE SHEET 25 PAEDIATRIC VICTIMS The principles applied to adults also apply to children. If a child is unaccompanied or is incapacitated, provisions must be made to accompany them. If a child goes through the able-bodied persons’ line, they must be accompanied by a relative or someone they know whenever possible. Casualties present on the site of the event 04SHEET 18 MEDICAL RESPONSE IN NUCLEAR OR RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NjQ0NzU=