ACTION TO TAKE ON THE SITE OF THE EVENT In the VAA: detecting external contamination of able-bodied persons 26 SHEET • Wipe the face, with disposable wipes, for example. • Protect the upper airways: FFP3 mask or FFP2 mask or a surgical mask, in that order of preference. • If the contamination takes the form of dust, spray lightly with water to avoid dispersing any dust deposited on clothing. The skin must not be bare or be wet, to avoid letting contamination of clothing lead to skin contamination. Particular attention must be paid to potentially contaminated run-offs. • Undress the victim carefully, removing the clothing layer by layer under the supervision of a fireman: victim standing on a vinyl sheet with a 350-litre bin bag rolled down at their feet. SEE SHEET 33 Standing victims • Place the clothes in the sealed bin bag as they are removed. • Place precious objects and identity papers in a transparent bag, identified and secured, and affix a SINUS label to the bag after closing it. It shall be taken to the Personal Effects Assembly Area (PEAA): In the case of an act of terrorism, the personal effects are taken charge of by the Internal Security Forces in the PEAA. Carry out emergency decontamination 2 • Carry out the second full decontamination, focusing on the areas that are still contaminated (hair, for example). • Perform a decontamination check under the same conditions. If this second check is positive, it is a case of fixed residual external contamination presenting no risk of dispersion. The victim can be taken to the AMP. The victim will subsequently undergo local decontamination by specialised teams. If the radiation check is positive: carry out second decontamination 5 Take a short shower with soapy water. Particular attention is required when washing hair: wash the head leaning forward to avoid letting water run over the body. Take care not to contaminate the nostrils, ears or eyes. Perform full decontamination (non-aggressive showering) 3 This check is optional if the personnel and detection equipment resources are insufficient. After drying: check the decontaminated zones carefully with a detection probe that is appropriate for the type of radiation emitted by the contaminant. Detecting alpha radiation is a very difficult and long process. The short path of alpha radiation requires the drying to be perfect. The majority of alpha emitters also emit X-rays or gamma rays whose detection is always easier and surer. SEE SHEET 32 Carry out a radiation detection check 4 IN PRACTICE If there is no radiation portal monitor Faced with “Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear” (CBRN) attacks, the resources are distributed uniformly by Civil Protection over the entire country (radiation portal monitors, mobile decontamination shower units, Mobile Radiological Response Units – MRRUs, etc.). The time required to deploy the resources can vary depending on the site. If there is no radiation portal monitor, all able-bodied people are considered to be potentially contaminated: carry out one emergency decontamination procedure and one full decontamination procedure, possibly followed by a contamination check depending on the local Civil Protection resources and/or reinforcements from the Institute of Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN). MEDICAL RESPONSE IN NUCLEAR OR RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCY 81
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